框-筒结构楼房折叠爆破拆除数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation Study on Folding Blasting Demolition of Frame-tube Building

作　　者：费鸿禄 张志强 包士杰 张广贝 FEI Hong-lu;ZHANG Zhi-qiang;BAO Shi-jie;ZHANG Guang-bei(Institute of Blasting Technology,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China;Hongda Blasting Engineering Group Co.,LTD.,Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学爆破技术研究院,阜新123000 [2]宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司,长沙410000

出　　处：《爆破》2023年第3期134-142,共9页Blasting

摘　　要：待拆除建筑物为框-筒结构,结构强度高,稳定性好,且位于建筑物和人口密集区,周边环境复杂。为确定合理的爆破拆除方案,提出“立体化渐变起爆”方法,即爆破缺口水平面和垂直平面的相邻爆破立柱炮孔延期时间差异化,实现空间上延时的一种起爆方式。然后利用ANSYS/LSDYNA有限元软件,对V形起爆、对称起爆和“立体化渐变起爆”三种不同起爆方式的爆破方案进行模拟分析,通过对比爆堆形态、爆堆范围和结构触地时能量变化等方面,最终确定了延期时间为0.50 s的立体化渐变起爆的爆破方案。结果表明:立体化渐变起爆与对称起爆相比,结构触地时动能降低50%,内能提高47%,与V形起爆相比,结构触地时动能降低36%,内能提高31%;采用立体化渐变起爆降低了结构的塌落触地振动,结构解体完全,减小了爆堆的范围;起爆方式相同,延期时间为0.50 s时的爆堆宽度和长度及结构的塌落触地振动均比0.25 s时小;数值模拟上部结构触地时刻为3.8 s,实际上部结构触地时刻为4.0 s,而最终爆堆形成均为6.0 s,数值模拟楼房的倒塌过程和爆堆范围与实际爆破效果基本吻合。The building to be demolished was a framework-tube structure with high structural strength and good stability.It was located in a densely populated area with a complex surrounding environment.To determine a reasonable blasting demolition plan,the“three-dimensional gradual detonation”method was proposed,which was a way of detonation that achieves spatial delay by differentiating the delay time of adjacent blasting column holes in the horizontal and vertical planes of the blasting notch.Then,ANSYS/LSDYNA finite element software was used to simulate and analyze three different blasting schemes:V-shaped detonation,symmetrical detonation,and“three-dimensional gradual detonation”with a delay time of 0.50 s.By comparing the shape and range of blasting muck pile,and energy changes when the structure touches the ground,the blasting scheme“three-dimensional gradual detonation”with a delay time of 0.50 s was finally determined.The results showed that compared with symmetrical detonation,the“three-dimensional gradual detonation”reduced the kinetic energy when the structure touched the ground by 50%and increased the internal energy by 47%.Compared with V-shaped detonation,the kinetic energy when the structure touched the ground was reduced by 36%,and the internal energy was increased by 31%.The use of“three-dimensional gradual detonation”reduces the collapse vibration of the structure and completely disintegrates it,reducing the range of the blasting muck pile.When the delay time is 0.50 s,the width and length of the blasting muck pile and the collapse vibration of the structure are smaller than when the delay time is 0.25 s.The numerical simulation time for the upper part of the structure touching the ground was 3.8 s,while the actual time was 4.0 s.The final formation of the blasting muck pile was at 6.0 s,and the numerical simulation of the building collapse process and the range of the blasting muck pile was in basic agreement with the actual blasting effect.

关 键 词：框-筒结构 拆除爆破 数值模拟 起爆方式 方案比选 

分 类 号：TU746.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]