爆炸冲击测试信号的滤波算法研究  

Research on Filtering Algorithms for Signals Collected in Explosion Experiments

作　　者：周德政 李晓杰[1,2] 王宇新 王健[1] 闫鸿浩 王小红[1,2] ZHOU De-zheng;LI Xiao-jie;WANG Yu-xin;WANG Jian;YAN Hong-hao;WANG Xiao-hong(Department of Engineering Mechanics,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis,Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学工程力学系,大连116024 [2]工业装备结构分析优化与CAE软件全国重点实验室,大连116024

出　　处：《爆破》2023年第3期191-198,共8页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11672067、12072067)。

摘　　要：爆炸试验采集的冲击载荷测试信号总是叠加不同程度的噪声干扰,为了精确分析这些试验测试数据传递的爆炸冲击载荷变化规律,在真空爆炸容器内针对不同装药量和不同真空环境设计了四组爆炸冲击载荷测试实验,并将采集到的冲击载荷数据同时应用傅里叶滤波算法和中位值平均滤波算法处理处理分析。通过将两种滤波算法处理的冲击载荷P-t曲线与原始冲击载荷P-t曲线对比发现:傅里叶滤波算法是对信号的一种全局分析,可提取函数在整个频率轴上的频率信息,却不能反映信号在局部时间范围内的特征,虽然处理速度较快,但对于特征参数的保留误差较大,直接应用于爆炸冲击载荷测试信号的滤波处理的效果不太理想。中位值平均滤波算法处理的爆炸冲击载荷信号与原始冲击载荷时程曲线的契合度更高,能清晰地反映出爆炸容器内的冲击载荷随时间的变化细节,且提取的特征参数误差较小,展现出对于爆炸冲击载荷信号的处理分析更高的可靠性,可以为爆炸试验的深入研究提供更直观的参考。The experimental signals collected in explosion experiments are always mixed with different degrees of noise interference.In order to accurately analyze the variation laws conveyed by these signals,four sets of explosion experiments were designed with different charge amounts and vacuum environments in the vacuum explosion vessel.Then,the collected impact load data were analyzed by applying both Fourier filtering algorithm and median-averaged filtering algorithm.By comparing the P-t curves processed by the two filtering algorithms with the original ones,it is found that the Fourier filtering algorithm is a global analysis of the signal,which can extract the frequency information of the function in the whole frequency domain,while the characteristics of the signal cannot be revealed in a local time range.Although the processing speed is faster,the error for the characteristic parameters is larger,and the effect of the filtering process directly applied to test signals of the blast impact is less satisfactory.The fit degree between the signals of explosion impact processed by the median-averaged filtering algorithm and the original ones is higher,and the varying details of the impact load with time in the blast container can be clearly reflected with a smaller error and a higher reliability.

关 键 词：滤波处理 爆炸试验 傅里叶算法 中位值平均滤波算法 冲击载荷 

分 类 号：O382.1[理学—流体力学]