基于B-IBI的东江下游河流生态健康评价  

Evaluation of Aquatic Ecological Health of Rivers in the Lower Reachesof Dongjiang River Based on Benthic-Index of Biotic Integrity

作　　者：马卓荦[1,2] 胡和平 王赛[3] MA Zhuo-luo;HU He-ping;WANG Sai(China Water Resources Pearl River Planning Surveying&Designing Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China;Water Ecology Engineering Center of Pearl River Water Resources Commission,Guangzhou 510610,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司生态环境规划设计院,广州510610 [2]珠江水利委员会水生态工程中心,广州510610 [3]海南大学南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室,海口570228

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2023年第9期32-38,共7页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：广东省水利科技创新项目(2020-26);中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司科研项目(201904)。

摘　　要：底栖动物群落变化能敏感地反映出河流生态系统受损情况,常用于水生态健康评价。本研究调查了东江下游地区河流的底栖动物,首次构建了该地区受损河流底栖动物完整性(B-IBI)评价体系,并探究影响河流水生态健康的主要因素。结果表明参照位点B-IBI在2.23~3.53之间,处于优或良状态;受损河流B-IBI在0.04~2.61之间,大部分健康状态不佳,其中较差和很差状态的占比为45%。B-IBI与溶解氧、COD_(Cr)、BOD5、氨氮、总磷、阴离子表面活性剂密切相关,水体受污染是导致河流生态系统不健康的主要原因。河流周边高强度开发建设也会给底栖动物尤其是水生昆虫类群造成负面影响。在感潮河段进行B-IBI评价时,建议选择有针对性的候选参数构建评价体系以及确定评价标准。Changes in zoobenthos can effectively indicate the damage to river ecosystems and are commonly used in aquatic ecological health assessments.We investigated the zoobenthos in the lower reaches of the Dongjiang River.For the first time,we establish a benthic-index of biotic integrity(B-IBI)evaluation system for assessing damaged rivers in this region,and explore the main factors influencing aquatic ecological health.The results demonstrate that the B-IBI values of reference sites range from^(2).23 to 3.53,indicating excellent or good conditions.In contrast,the B-IBI values of damaged rivers range from 0.04 to 2.61,with most of them being in poor health,including both poor and very poor states accounting for 45%.Dissolved oxygen,COD_(Cr),BOD 5,ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus,and anionic surfactants exhibit significant correlations with B-IBI values.Water pollution emerges as the primary cause for the deterioration of river ecosystems.Additionally,the high-intensity development and construction activities around rivers negatively impact zoobenthos,particularly aquatic insect communities.For tidal reaches,we recommend selecting targeted parameters to construct an evaluation system and establish evaluation standards when conducting B-IBI assessments.

关 键 词：河流生态系统 水生态健康评价 东江下游 底栖动物 B-IBI 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]