深部煤矿巷道等强支护力学理论与技术  

Theory and technology of uniform strength support mechanics for deep coal roadway

作　　者：左建平[1,2] 刘海雁 徐丞谊 文金浩 刘德军[1] 朱凡 马宗宇 ZUO Jianping;LIU Haiyan;XU Chengyi;WEN Jinhao;LIU Dejun;ZHU Fan;MA Zongyu(School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;School of Civil Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266520,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083 [3]青岛理工大学土木工程学院,山东青岛266520

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2023年第4期625-647,共23页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(52225404);北京卓越青年科学家联合资助项目(BJJWZYJH01201911413037);中央高校优秀青年团队资助项目(2023YQTD01)。

摘　　要：本文分析总结了国内外煤矿巷道支护方式的发展历程.国外煤矿巷道支护方式经历了型钢被动支护到锚杆-索主动支护的转变;我国煤矿由于埋深不断加大,巷道地质环境复杂,支护方式整体经历了被动支护→主动支护→强主动支护→强被动支护的发展轨迹.基于国内外支护现状,特别是受钢管混凝土支架支护技术启发,提出了深部煤矿巷道等强支护力学理论,其核心为基于巷道轴比与地应力关系,通过“深层应力调控、浅层岩性改善和表层结构支护”三位一体支护技术体系对巷道开挖后形成的不规则应力场进行调控,使巷道围岩应力场恢复至与地应力场相匹配的等强状态.具体支护技术措施包括:开槽卸压或钻孔卸压将巷道围岩高应力区域转移至深部;纳米基注浆加固材料填充微小裂隙,打设锚杆-索提高巷道围岩内聚力与摩擦角,改善巷道围岩整体自承载性能;钢管混凝土支架或U型钢为巷道围岩提供足够表面支护阻力,控制巷道围岩变形.深部巷道等强支护技术已初步在深部典型矩形巷道、圆形巷道、直墙半圆拱形巷道中进行应用,并在山西潞安王庄煤矿、新元煤矿与晋能控股装备制造集团胡底煤矿等深部软岩动压巷道的大变形控制中取得良好应用效果,为深部煤矿巷道支护提供了新的支护理念及有效控制技术.The development history of coal mine roadway support methods at domestic and abroad are analyzed and summarized in this paper.The support methods for foreign coal mines have been transformed from passive support of shaped-steel to active support of bolts and cables.Due to the increasing buried depth of coal mines in domestic coal mines and the complex geological conditions of roadways,the support methods have experienced a development track of passive support→active support→strong active support→strong passive support.Based on the current condition of support at domestic and abroad,especially inspirited by the concrete-filled steel tube structure technology.The author's team proposed the theory and technology of uniform strength support mechanics for deep coal roadway,and the core of the theory is based on the relationship between the shaft ratio of the roadway and the in-site stress,through the“deep stress control,shallow lithology improvement and surface structure support”trinity support to the irreversible stress field formed by the roadway excavation to control,so that the roadway to adjust to the equivalent stress state with the in-site stress field.The specific support measures include,firstly,slotting to unload pressure or drilling to unload pressure to transfer the high stress area of rock surrounding roadway to the deep area.Secondly,nano-based grouting reinforcement material to fill the micro cracks,hitting and setting bolt-cables to improve the cohesion and friction angle of the rock surrounding roadway and improve the overall bearing performance of the rock surrounding roadway.Finally,concrete-filled steel tube support or U-shaped steel to provide sufficient surface support resistance to control the deformation of the rock surrounding roadway.Theory and technology of uniform strength support mechanics for deep coal roadway had been initially applied in depth typical rectangular roadway,circle roadway and straight wall semi-circular arch roadway.Specially,it had been well applied in Shanxi Lu

关 键 词：深部巷道 等强支护理论 深层应力调控 浅层岩性改善 表层结构支护 等强应力状态 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]