基于“肠脑轴”理论采用中药有效成分治疗脑部疾病的研究进展  

Research progress in the treatment of brain diseases with active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine based on gut-brain axis

作　　者：胡静璐 吴艳萍 李祺 杜丽娜 HU Jinglu;WU Yanping;LI Qi;DU Lina(Pharmaceutical College,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine,Beijing 100850,China;Pharmaceutical College,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学药学院,河南开封475004 [2]军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京100850 [3]山东中医药大学药学院,山东济南250355

出　　处：《沈阳药科大学学报》2023年第8期1111-1123,共13页Journal of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(7202147)。

摘　　要：肠道通过神经、内分泌、免疫系统和肠道微生物及其代谢物共同参与肠脑双向交流,即肠脑轴。本综述详细介绍了肠道微生物群的结构、组成与功能,肠脑轴理论内容,大脑对肠道微生物组成的调控机制,肠道微生物通过影响神经、内分泌及免疫系统反向调节大脑的发育及功能。概括了肠道菌群失调与神经性疾病如阿尔茨海默症、帕金森症、自闭症、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、抑郁症等的关系,探究基于“肠脑轴”理论治疗脑部疾病的作用机理,并基于该理论寻找合适的中药活性成分,包括生物碱类、黄酮类、多糖类、多酚类、皂苷类等通过调节肠道菌群治疗脑部疾病。基于肠脑轴理论,为脑部疾病的治疗提供新思路,为传统中药口服应用实现脑部疾病治疗提供理论支撑,促进中药现代化。The gut-brain axis is the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain through the nervous,endocrine,immune system,intestinal microbes and their metabolites.This review introduced the structure,composition and function of the gut microbiota,the contents of the gut-brain axis theory,and the regulatory mechanism of the brain on the composition of gut microbiota.Gut microbiota reversely regulates brain function by affecting the nervous,endocrine and immune systems.The relationship between intestinal flora imbalance and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer′s disease,Parkinson′s disease,autism,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and depression was summarized.The mechanism of treating brain diseases based on the′gut-brain axis′theory was explored,and based on this theory,appropriate active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine were found,including alkaloids,flavonoids,polysaccharides,polyphenols,and saponins.The gut-brain axis theory provides new ideas for the treatment of brain diseases,providing theoretical support for the oral application of traditional Chinese medicine to realize the treatment of brain diseases,and promoting the modernization of Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：脑部疾病 肠道菌群 肠脑轴 中药 有效成分 

分 类 号：R96[医药卫生—药理学]