热应激负载降温的研究现状和展望  

Research status and prospect of heat stress load cooling

作　　者：孙莹[1] 程艳爽[2] 高天赐 汪茜[1] SUN Ying;CHENG Yanshuang;GAO Tianci;WANG Qian(Department of Emergency Medcine,the Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100039,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第三医学中心急诊医学科,北京100039 [2]解放军总医院第一医学中心肝胆胰外科学部,北京100039

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2023年第8期1103-1106,共4页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

基　　金：军队卫生防疫防护专项(编号:22FYFH11);军事医学创新工程专项(编号:18CXZ019)。

摘　　要：热应激(HS)负载多因机体长时间暴露在高温高湿的外部环境,尤其是在高强度及长时间训练中而导致机体的产热和散热功能性失调,若未及时逆转会引发脏器功能障碍,如中暑、热射病等热相关疾病。快速且科学有效的降温措施是缓解HS负载、降低热相关疾病的发生、减少热损伤后遗症和避免死亡的关键。因此探究如何科学合理的借助外部降温措施一直是逆转HS负载的研究目标。文章简要综述了目前机体在应对HS负载时主要的降温处理,以期对热相关疾病降温研究提供进一步参考。Heat stress(HS)load is often caused by the long-term exposure of the body to high-temperature and highhumidity external environments,especially during high-intensity and long-term training,which leads to functional disorders of heat production and heat dissipation in the body.If it is not reversed in time,it can cause organ dysfunction,such as Heat stroke,HS and other heat-related diseases.Rapid and scientifically effective cooling measures are the key to alleviating HS load,reducing the occurrence of heat-related diseases,reducing sequelae of heat injury and avoiding death.Therefore,exploring how to use external cooling measures scientifically and rationally has always been the research goal of reversing the HS load.This article briefly summarizes the current main cooling treatments when the body responds to HS loads,in order to provide further reference for the study on cooling of heatrelated diseases.

关 键 词：热应激 降温 中暑 热射病 热相关疾病 

分 类 号：R641[医药卫生—外科学]