电极材料对直流短电弧铣削Ti2AlNb加工性能影响的实验研究  

Experimental study on the effect of electrode materials on the machinability of DC short arc milling Ti2AlNb

作　　者：尹先和 周建平[1] 许燕[1] YIN Xianhe;ZHOU Jianping;XU Yan(College of Mechanical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830047,CHN)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学机械工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830047

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2023年第9期39-43,共5页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“航空薄壁零件低压微弧铣削加工放电通道演化规律与变形抑制方法研究”(52265061);自治区天山英才计划-科技创新领军人才项目(2022TSYCLJ0044)。

摘　　要：Ti2AlNb作为一种新型航空发动机关键材料,由于其高强度、刚度和蠕变抗力,使得它成为一种难加工材料。短电弧铣削(SEAM)是一种新型高效的放电加工方法,具有不受材料的硬度、强度和韧性制约等优点,已经成为难加工材料一种重要加工方法。文章以Ti2AlNb实验对象,采用钨铜和304不锈钢作为电极材料,使用直流电源研究了不同电压下SEAM的加工机理,分析了工件材料去除率(MRR)、表面粗糙度(Sa)、相对工具电极磨损率(RTWR)。此外,还对加工后Ti2AlNb的表面形态、元素分布和显微硬度进行了研究。实验结果表明,24V电压下,钨铜电极与304不锈钢电极相比,MRR最高,为1981mm^(3)/min;RTWR最低,相对电极损耗仅为0.82%。工件截面轮廓宽度尺寸绝对差异最小以及工件再铸层硬度接近母材硬度,有利于进一步加工。Ti2AlNb,as a key material of a new type of aero-engine,has become a difficult material to machine due to its high strength,stiffness and creep resistance.Short electric arc milling(SEAM)is a new and efficient electrical discharge machining method,which is independent of the hardness,strength and toughness of materials,and has become an important method for difficult to machine materials.Taking Ti2AlNb as the experimental object,using tungsten copper and 304 stainless steel as the electrode materials,the processing mechanism of SEAM under different voltage was studied using DC power supply,and the material removal rate(MRR),surface roughness(Sa)and relative tool electrode wear rate(RTWR)of the workpiece were analyzed.In addition,the surface morphology,cross section morphology,element distribution and microhardness of processed Ti2AlNb were also studied.The experimental results show that under 24V voltage,compared with stainless steel electrode,tungsten copper electrode has the highest MRR,the highest is 1981m^(3)/min,the lowest RTWR of the electrode,the relative electrode loss is only 0.82%.The absolute difference of the width of the cross-section of the workpiece is the smallest,and the hardness of the recast layer of the workpiece is close to the hardness of the base metal,which is conducive to further processing.

关 键 词：直流短电弧铣削 TI2ALNB MRR RTWR 电极材料 

分 类 号：TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]