农业社会化服务的发展逻辑、现实阻滞与优化路径  

The Development Logic,Realistic Obstacles,and Optimization Paths of Agricultural Socialized Services

作　　者：郭晓鸣[1] 温国强 GUO Xiaoming;WEN Guoqiang

机构地区：[1]四川省社会科学院 [2]四川省社会科学院农村发展研究所

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2023年第7期20-34,共15页Chinese Rural Economy

摘　　要：农业社会化服务是实现中国式农业现代化和促进小农户与现代农业有机衔接的关键途径。本文基于理论、历史与实践视角,系统阐释农业社会化服务的发展逻辑;从市场发展与政策支持出发,重点分析农业社会化服务存在的现实阻滞;以消解现实阻滞为基本导向,提出农业社会化服务的优化路径。研究发现:在市场供需匹配与政策体系优化的相互影响下,农业社会化服务的发展是农业分工不断深化以及服务市场规模持续扩大的互促过程,农业社会化服务仍然面临存量需求整合困难与增量需求显化不足并存、服务供给主体自生能力不足、本土化发展迟缓与供给结构性失衡并存的市场短板,以及战略性支持不足、政策落实不佳、联动机制不健全和政策绩效有限的政策短板。因此,必须以突破双重短板为重点优化存量需求,拓展增量需求,进一步构建市场供需均衡、政策引导高效的可持续发展的农业社会化服务体系。Agricultural socialized service is the key pathway to realize modernization of Chinese agriculture and promote the effective connection between smallholder farmers and modern agriculture.This paper systematically explains the development logic of agricultural socialized service,which encompasses theory,history,and practical aspects.From the perspective of market development and policy support,this paper analyzes the realistic challenges faced by agricultural socialized service and proposes optimization strategies to overcome these obstacles.The paper reveals that the development of agricultural socialized service is a mutual promotion process of deepening agricultural division of labor and continuously expanding service market under the mutual influence of market supply and demand matching and policy system optimization.However,the agricultural socialized service still faces the market shortcomings,such as difficulties in integrating stock demand,insufficient explicitness of incremental demand,insufficient viability of service suppliers,and slow development of localization and structural imbalance of supply.In addition,policy limitations exist,including inadequate strategic support,poor policy implementation,imperfect linkage mechanism,and limited policy performance.Therefore,it is necessary to optimize the stock demand,expand the incremental demand to resolve the twofold challenges,and further build an agricultural socialized service system of sustainable development with market supply-demand equilibrium and efficient policy guidance.

关 键 词：农业社会化服务 农业分工 供需匹配 政策体系 

分 类 号：F326.6[经济管理—产业经济]