城市公共卫生服务的户籍歧视:城乡之分抑或内外之别  

Hukou Discrimination in Urban Public Health Services:Urban-Rural Divide or Disparity between the Local and Non-local

作　　者：祝仲坤 冷晨昕 ZHU Zhongkun;LENG Chenxin

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院 [2]农业农村部规划设计研究院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2023年第7期80-98,共19页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“数字鸿沟对农户福利不平等的影响机理与效应研究——基于Sen的可行能力理论”(编号:71903062);北京理工大学青年教师学术启动计划“面向共同富裕的新时代农业转移人口城市融入问题研究”(编号:XSQD-6120220190)的资助。

摘　　要：户籍歧视不利于社会公平正义,会阻碍流动人口市民化进程。本文结合中国流动人口动态监测调查2015年和2017年专项调查数据,从户籍性质与户籍属地双重维度,系统考察城市公共卫生服务的户籍歧视问题。研究表明:首先,健康档案、健康教育等公共卫生服务存在户籍歧视,且主要体现为本地与非本地的属地歧视,而非城乡歧视。其次,健康教育层面的属地歧视在教育内容与教育形式上均有所体现。最后,以广州市样本为例,从2015年到2017年,流动人口与本地居民之间的公共卫生服务差距继续拉大,属地歧视并未趋于止步。上述结果表明,虽然公共卫生服务“费随人走”的财政支持机制已经建立,但长期流动人口与常住地户籍人口之间的公共卫生服务均等化仍任重道远。Hukou discrimination damages social fairness and justice,and impedes the process of the migrants’citizenization.This paper investigates the hukou discrimination in urban public health services from the dual dimensions of hukou’s type and registration place,using the data collected from China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2015 and 2017.The results show that there exists hukou discrimination in public health services such as health records and health education,which is mainly manifested in the form of disparity between the local and non-local rather than urban-rural divide.Meanwhile,disparity between the local and non-local in health education is not only reflected in the content of education,but also in the form of education.Taking the sample of Guangzhou as an example,from 2015 to 2017,the gap in public health services between migrants and local residents was continuously widening,which indicates that household registration discrimination in public health services has not yet stopped.Our findings reveal that although the mechanism of offering financial support no matter where citizens migrate to in the sector of public health services has already been established,the equalization of public health services between migrants and local residents is far from being achieved.

关 键 词：公共卫生服务 户籍歧视 属地歧视 健康档案 健康教育 

分 类 号：F812.45[经济管理—财政学] C913.7[社会学]