财政困局下桂系的生存逻辑(1931—1936)  

The Survival Logic of the Kwangsi Clique under Financial Constraints(1931-1936)

作　　者：贺江枫[1] He Jiangfeng

机构地区：[1]南开大学中国社会史研究中心暨历史学院,天津300350

出　　处：《历史研究》2023年第3期91-114,M0005,M0006,共26页Historical Research

摘　　要：中原大战后,桂系为维持存在,通过与西南诸省合作获得必要生存空间,并极力确保财政收入稳定可控,以便为军政建设提供充沛经济资源。国民政府在统合西南过程中,财经手段成为重要途径。随着1935年贵州政局重组,桂系丧失至为关键的战略缓冲地带,加之滇黔烟土改道与法币改革实施,使其财政濒临枯竭,推动了桂系与陈济棠合谋反蒋的步伐。但此后粤局崩溃,在国民政府的军事封锁和经济打压下,桂系内外交困,为换取发展所需的地盘与财政资源,桂系最终选择与蒋合作,实现了生存逻辑的转变。Following the Central Plains War,the Kwangsi Clique faced financial difficulties and sought to maintain its existence by collaborating with warlords in southwest China,securing essential living space,and ensuring stable and manageable fiscal revenues to support military and political development.In the process of the Nationalist government's attempts to unify the Southwest,financial means became crucial for integrating local power.The reorganization of the Guizhou political landscape in 1935 marked a critical turning point for the Kwangsi Clique.The loss of a strategic buffer zone,along with the diversion of the Yunnan-Guizhou opium trade route and the implementation of Currency Reform,led to financial depletion and drove the Kwangsi Clique and Chen Jitang to conspire against Jiang Jieshi.However,the collapse of the political situation in Guangdong,coupled with military blockades and economic suppression by the Nationalist government,left the Kwangsi Clique trapped in a dire predicament.In order to secure the necessary territorial and financial resources for their development,the Kwangsi Clique ultimately chose to cooperate with Jiang Jieshi,resulting in a transformative shift in their survival logic.

关 键 词：桂系 李宗仁 白崇禧 黄旭初 蒋介石 

分 类 号：K263[历史地理—历史学] F812.9[历史地理—中国史]