膝关节前交叉韧带重建术后康复治疗进展  

Advances in rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the knee

作　　者：宋金凤 范丹丹 刘泽键 孙洁 SONG Jinfeng;FAN Dandan;LIU Zejian;SUN Jie(Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital,Beijing 102211;Beijing University of Sport,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]北京小汤山医院,102211 [2]北京体育大学,100091

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2023年第4期3-8,共6页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

基　　金：北京市优秀人才培养资助青年骨干个人项目(项目编号:2018000021469G293)。

摘　　要：膝关节前交叉韧带的损伤、断裂是临床上最常见的运动创伤性疾病之一。随着医疗技术的不断发展,关节镜下行前交叉韧带重建术是现阶段前交叉韧带组织修复完整的主要治疗方式,但术后很多患者会存在不同程度的关节活动受限、肌力下降以及本体感觉丧失等功能障碍,进而增加了膝关节的韧带二次断裂以及骨关节炎的风险,严重影响其功能恢复。因此,对前交叉韧带重建术后患者进行全面详细地评估,并依此制定全面个性化的康复方案具有重要的临床意义。在最新的康复实践和研究中发现,康复治疗方案在传统的关节活动训练、肌力训练和物理因子治疗的基础上,增加了低负荷血流限制训练、重返运动训练以及康复心理干预等康复方式。本文通过归纳总结近5年的前交叉韧带重建术后常见功能障碍及康复治疗的最新临床研究成果,旨在为该病的康复诊疗方案提供新的思路与指导。The injury and fracture of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee is one of the most common sports traumatic diseases in clinic.With the continuous development of medical technology,anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy is the main treatment for the complete repair of anterior cruciate ligament tissue at present.However,many patients will have different degrees of functional dysfunction such as limited joint activity,decreased muscle strength and proprioceptive loss after surgery,which increases the risk of secondary ligament fracture of the knee joint and osteoarthritis,seriously affecting its functional recovery.Therefore,it is of great clinical significance to conduct a comprehensive and detailed evaluation of patients after ACL reconstruction and to develop a comprehensive and personalized rehabilitation program based on this.In the latest rehabilitation practice and research,it is found that on the basis of traditional joint activity training,muscle strength training and physical factor therapy,low-load blood flow restriction training,return to exercise training and rehabilitation psychological intervention are added to rehabilitation treatment.This article summarizes the latest clinical research results of the common dysfunction and rehabilitation treatment after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the past five years,aiming at provide new ideas and guidance for rehabilitation diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

关 键 词：前交叉韧带重建术后康复 前交叉韧带损伤康复 血流限制训练 

分 类 号：R687.4[医药卫生—骨科学]