基于负荷准线和纳什谈判的高比例新能源消纳方法  

High-proportion Renewable Energy Accommodation Method Based on Customer Directrix Load and Nash Bargaining

作　　者：徐博强 赵建立 张沛超[1] 范帅 何光宇[1] XU Boqiang;ZHAO Jianli;ZHANG Peichao;FAN Shuai;HE Guangyu(Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion,Ministry of Education(Shanghai Jiao Tong University),Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Demand Response,Shanghai 200063,China)

机构地区：[1]电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室(上海交通大学),上海市200240 [2]上海市智能电网需求响应重点实验室,上海市200063

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2023年第15期36-45,共10页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51877134);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB2401200)。

摘　　要：新型电力系统中新能源占比的迅速提高将导致发电侧调节能力严重匮乏。基于负荷准线的需求响应能常态化激励负荷整形,从而提升电网平衡能力、促进新能源消纳。针对准线型需求响应中的利益分配问题,提出基于纳什谈判的网-荷合作博弈机制;针对纳什谈判问题的难解性,提出和建立其近似问题,并提出能有效保证各方信息隐私的分布式求解方法;以电动汽车集群为例,提出可调负荷灵活性的概率预测模型,反映其全时段的整形能力。最后,建立含电动汽车、热泵热水器两类灵活资源以及高比例新能源的区域电网算例。仿真结果表明,以上两类负荷均具有良好的整形能力。基于所提的收益分配机制,准线型需求响应能够显著增强对聚合商的激励,有效促进新能源消纳,实现电网和用户的双赢。The rapid increase in the proportion of renewable energy in new power systems will lead to a serious lack of regulation capacity on the power generation side.The demand response based on customer directrix load(CDL)can normalize the motivation of load shaping,thereby improving the balance capability of the power grid and promoting the accommodation of renewable energy.A network-load cooperative game mechanism based on Nash bargaining is proposed to address the issue of profit allocation in CDLbased demand response.To address the intractability of the Nash bargaining,its approximation is proposed and established,and its distributed solution method is proposed to ensure the information privacy of each entity.Taking the electric vehicle cluster as an example,a flexibility probability prediction model for adjustable load is proposed to reflect its full-time shaping capability.Finally,a regional power grid case that includes flexible resources such as electric vehicles and heat pump water heaters as well as high proportion of renewable energy is established.The simulation results show that both types of loads have good shaping capability.Based on the proposed profit allocation mechanism,the CDL-based demand response can significantly enhance the incentives of aggregators,effectively promote renewable energy accommodation,and achieve a win-win situation for the power grid and the users.

关 键 词：新型电力系统 新能源消纳 负荷准线 需求响应 电动汽车 纳什谈判 负荷聚合商 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]