高标准农田建设对农业生产的影响——基于农业要素弹性与农业全要素生产率的视角  

The Impact of Well-Facilitated Farmland Construction on Agricultural Production:From the Perspectives of Agricultural Factor Elasticity and Agricultural Total Factor Productivity

作　　者：孙学涛 张丽娟 王振华[4] SUN Xuetao;ZHANG Lijuan;WANG Zhenhua

机构地区：[1]山东社会科学院 [2]中国海洋大学经济学院 [3]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所 [4]沈阳农业大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2023年第4期89-108,共20页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“高标准农田建设对农业的多途径影响:时空规律、要素替代与效率提升”(编号:72203212);2022年山东省社会科学规划研究项目“高标准农田建设对山东农业的多途径影响:要素替代与效率提升”(编号:22DJJJ22);2021年度青岛市社会科学规划研究项目“高标准农田建设实施效果及作用机制研究:基于农地效率的视角”(编号:QDSKL2101025)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：高标准农田建设通过补齐农业基础设施短板,提高了土地要素质量,成为推动农业高质量发展的新路径。在运用有向无环图框架讨论高标准农田建设对农业生产影响的基础上,本文基于280个地级市的数据,采用变系数随机前沿模型测算农业全要素生产率,运用空间计量模型探讨高标准农田建设对农业生产的影响。研究发现:高标准农田建设、农业要素与农业全要素生产率存在着时变效应;高标准农田建设对农业要素投入具有替代效应,即高标准农田建设会减少农业劳动要素和化肥要素的投入,但会增加土地要素和农业机械要素的投入;高标准农田建设会提高农业全要素生产率和农业要素替代弹性;高标准农田建设对农业生产的影响存在区域非均衡特征,即与农业欠发达地区相比,高标准农田建设对农业发达地区的影响更为显著。The construction of well-facilitated farmland has improved the quality of land factors through bolstering weak spots in agricultural infrastructures and broken new ground in promoting the high-quality development of agriculture.Based on the DAG framework,the influence of well-facilitated farmland construction on agricultural production was discussed.This paper applies the variable coefficient production model to re-calculate agricultural total factor productivity based on the data of 280 prefecture-level cities.Spatial econometric model is used to explore the influence of well-facilitated farmland construction on agricultural production.The findings are as follows.(1)There is a time-varying effect between well-facilitated farmland construction,agricultural production factors and agricultural total factor productivity;(2)Well-facilitated farmland construction has a substitution effect on the input of agricultural factors,that is,well-facilitated farmland construction reduces the input of agricultural labor factors and fertilizer factors,but increases the input of land factors and agricultural machinery factors;(3)Well-facilitated farmland construction improves agricultural total factor productivity;(4)Well-facilitated farmland construction promotes the high-quality development of agriculture by increasing the elasticity of substitution of agricultural factors;(5)There is an heterogeneous effect of well-facilitated farmland construction on agricultural production across regions,that is,compared with agricultural underdeveloped areas,well-facilitated farmland construction has a more significant impact in agricultural developed areas.

关 键 词：高标准农田建设 农业生产 要素配置 要素弹性 全要素生产率 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济]