小农密集型村庄农业治理现代化的实践逻辑——基于中部地区擂鼓台村的个案分析  

The Practical Logic of Agricultural Governance Modernization in Smallholder Villages:A Case Study of Leigutai Village in Central China

作　　者：何晓龙 HE Xiaolong

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)马克思主义学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2023年第4期169-184,共16页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“习近平总书记关于‘四个自信’重要论述研究”(编号:21&ZD003);国家社会科学基金一般项目“共同富裕背景下农村集体经济高质量发展路径研究”(编号:22BKS172)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：对农业治理现代化的研究,学界大多从国家、市场和社会等方面探析其驱动机制,相对忽视了实践中村庄制度创新与村庄行动相契合的驱动逻辑。在农村人地关系高速重组和农业利益分化的背景下,小农密集型村庄成为农业治理现代化的基本单元。对擂鼓台村农业治理模式的个案分析发现:村庄网格化组织动员机制、创业型村干部头雁带领机制、小农户现代化推动机制和政府支持集约化使用机制的多维赋能,推动了村庄“统分结合”的新型农业社会化服务的发展,促进了村庄“连片带动”的社会效益的弹性扩散,实现和维系了“小农户经营本位”的村庄农业发展格局。这种农业治理模式的关键在于:以农地产权明晰化为前提条件,创新村庄农业规模经营制度,建立对村庄小农户经营格局的保障和支撑。同时,选拔和培养村庄引领型干部,吸纳和组织村庄精英能人,建立村落微型自治组织,形成村庄共建共治共享的行动共同体,激活村庄社会基础,从而催生村庄农业治理的集体行动模式。村庄制度创新与村庄社会基础激活的有机结合,有利于实现村庄农业治理的集约效应,有效促进小农户与现代农业发展的有机衔接。In the literature on agricultural govemance modemization,most of the existing studies analyze its driving mechanisms from the aspects of nation,market,and society,but ignore village institutional innovation and village action in practice.Under the background of the rapid reorganization of human-land relations in rural areas and the differentiation of agricultural interests,there emerge smallholder-intensive villages which become the basic unit of agricultural governance modernization.From the analysis of Leigutai village's agricultural governance model,we find that the mobilization mechanism of village grids,the leading mechanism of entrepreneurial village cadres,the driving mechanism of smallholder modernization,and the use mechanism of government supporting intensification promote the vllage's new agricultural socialized services combining unified and separate management,lead to the village's elastic spillover of social benefits affecting contiguous areas,and realize and maintain the village's agricultural development patterm mainly with smallholder management.The key of this agricultural governance model is:the village is expected to take the reform of clarifying farmland property rights as the prerequisite,innovate the agricultural scale management system,and provide guarantee and support of smallholder management;meanwhile,the village is expected to select and train the village's leading cadres,attract and organize village elites,and establish a micro autonomous organization,to form an action community of joint construction,govemance and sharing in terms of the village and activate the social foundation of the village,which results in the collective action mode of village agricultural governance.The organic integration of the village's institutional innovation and social foundation activation is conducive to realizing the intensive effect of agricultural governance and promoting the organic connection between smallholders and the development of modern agriculture.

关 键 词：小农户 农业治理 现代化 农地产权 村庄社会基础 

分 类 号：F325.2[经济管理—产业经济]