北魏起居注制度新探  

A New Study of the System of Imperial Diaries in the Northern Wei Dynasty

作　　者：曹刚华[1] 刘欣宇 Cao Ganghua;Liu Xinyu

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学历史学院,100872

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2023年第4期56-64,158,共10页Historiography Bimonthly

摘　　要：北魏初期没有起居注官,太和十五年孝文帝始设起居注令史,又仿效刘宋置集书省,兼掌起居注事,改变了两晋、南朝著作郎掌起居注的惯例。这既是孝文帝去除胡化,加强皇权控制在史官制度上的反映,也是北魏与南朝争夺华夏正统在史学上的需求。北魏后期,逐渐形成监、典、修分工合作的起居注制度,但政局动荡导致皇权涣散和集书省地位下降,起居注制度名存实亡。At the beginning of the Northern Wei Dynasty,the system of Imperial Diaries did not exist.It was not until the fifteenth year of the Taihe(491 C.E.)that Emperor Xiaowen established professional officials and imitated the Liu-Song Dynasty to set up the Jishu Ministry(i.e.Emperor's attendant consulting agency),which was in charge of imperial diaries.This changed the practice of imperial diaries written by the historiographer in the Western Jin,Eastern Jin,and Southern Dynasties.This was not only evidence for Emperor Xiaowen's attempts to eradicate Hu people's influence and strengthen imperial power control,but also a reflection of demand of the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Southern Dynasty to seek their position in orthodox Chinese historiography.In the later period of the Northern Wei Dynasty,the system of imperial diaries was gradually institutionalized,but political turmoil led to decline of imperial power and of the status of the Jishu Ministry.By then,the system only existed in name.

关 键 词：北魏 起居注 正统 起居令史 集书省 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K239.21[政治法律—中外政治制度]