贸易成本、第三国效应与增加值贸易网络地位  

Trade Costs,Third Country Eff ects and Value-added Trade Network Status

作　　者：葛纯宝 于津平[2] GE Chunbao;YU Jinping

机构地区：[1]安徽财经大学,安徽合肥230051 [2]南京大学,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《国际商务研究》2023年第5期1-19,共19页International Business Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“推动‘一带一路’贸易和投资自由化便利化研究:量化评价与推进战略”(项目编号:18VDL014)。

摘　　要：本文首先构建包含三国情形的贸易网络理论模型,考察贸易成本及第三国效应对贸易网络地位的影响,然后采用2003~2018年全球增加值贸易数据进行实证检验。结果表明:各国在全球增加值贸易网络中的地位呈“少数高、多数低”非匀质分布以及“动态演化、升降并存”格局,其中德国、中国和美国扮演核心国角色;双边贸易成本降低会促进一国贸易网络地位攀升,第三国间贸易成本提升会通过贸易转移形成促进作用,两者的影响在不同区域均存在明显异质性;随着贸易网络地位向高分位点转变,第三国间贸易成本的影响会逐渐由贸易转移转为贸易创造。进一步将贸易成本分解后发现,贸易便利化的边际贡献强于贸易自由化,其中电子商务和制度环境便利化贡献较强。本文既厘清了贸易成本与贸易网络地位间的作用机制,也为提升发展中国家国际分工地位、促进中国迈向贸易强国提供参考。This paper first constructs a theoretical model of trade network including three-country scenario to examine the effects of trade costs and third-country effects on trade network status,and then uses global value-added trade data from 2003 to 2018 to conduct an empirical test.The results show that the position of each country in the global value-added trade network shows a non-homogeneous distribution of“high minority,low majority”and“dynamic evolution,rise and fall”pattern,with Germany,China and the United States playing the role of core countries;the reduction of bilateral trade costs will promote a country’s status.With the shift of trade network status to the higher quartile,the impact of trade costs among third countries will gradually shift from trade transfer to trade creation.Further decomposition of trade costs reveals that the marginal contribution of trade facilitation is stronger than that of trade liberalization,among which the contribution of e-commerce and institutional environment facilitation is relatively stronger.This paper clarifies the mechanism between trade costs and trade network status,and also provides a reference for enhancing the international division of labor status of developing countries and promoting China to become a trade power.

关 键 词：贸易地位 贸易成本 第三国效应 增加值贸易网络 全球价值链 

分 类 号：F740[经济管理—国际贸易]