不同基质和插条直径对无花果扦插苗生长的影响  

Effect of Different Substrate and Cutting Diameter on the Cutting Growth of Fig(Ficus carica L.)

作　　者：位杰 崔龙 蒋媛 姚文英 王岩 WEI Jie;CUI Long;JIANG Yuan;YAO Wenying;WANG Yan(Agricultural Scientific Institute of 2nd Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tiemenguan Xinjiang 841005,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第二师农业科学研究所,新疆铁门关841005

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2023年第5期1-4,共4页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：第二师铁门关市科技计划(2021PTJS01)。

摘　　要：【目的】为提高无花果扦插育苗的成活率、降低育苗成本,实现周年生产和无花果工厂化繁育苗的应用推广提供理论依据。【方法】以无花果品种‘波姬红’为试验材料,研究冬季设施电热温床条件下不同育苗基质和不同的插条直径对无花果扦插苗成活率及生长状况的影响。【结果】以河沙作为无花果育苗基质的扦插苗成活率最高,达85.56%,其次为黄沙+有机肥(9∶1)、黄沙,扦插苗成活率分别为82.22%和80%,园土+羊粪(9∶1)的扦插苗成活率最低,为5.56%。河沙处理的扦插苗新梢长度和新梢粗度均最大,其次为黄沙+有机肥。插条直径在2.0 cm以上时,扦插苗成活率达100%,插条直径越大,新梢生长越快。【结论】综合分析结果表明,以河沙作为育苗基质更有利于扦插苗的成活和生长,插条直径在2.0 cm以上时,扦插苗的成活和生长状况较好。【Objective】To provide a theoretical basis for improving the survival rate of fig cutting seedlings,reducing the cost of seedling raising,realizes the annual production and the application and promotion of fig a large number of breeding seedlings.【Methods】The effect of different seedling substrates and cutting diameter on the survival rate and growth of fig cuttings was investigated under the conditions of electric hot beds in winter.【Results】The results showed that the highest survival rate of 85.56%was achieved by using river sand as the substrate for fig seedlings,followed by yellow sand+organic fertiliser(9∶1)and yellow sand with 82.22%and 80%survival rates respectively,while garden soil+sheep manure(9∶1)had the worst survival rate of 5.56%.The river sand treatment had the greatest new shoot length and new shoot thickness,followed by yellow sand+organic manure.The survival rate of cuttings reached 100%when the diameter of the cuttings was above 2.0 cm,and the larger the diameter of the cuttings,the faster the new growth.【Conclusion】Comprehensive analysis shows that the use of river sand as a substrate is more conducive to the survival and growth of cuttings,and the survival and growth of cuttings is better when the diameter of the cuttings is 2.0 cm or more.

关 键 词：育苗基质 插条直径 无花果 成活率 生长 

分 类 号：S663.3[农业科学—果树学]