钙、镁缺乏对核桃生长和光合特性的影响  

A study on calcium and magnesium deficiency impacting on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of walnuts tree seedling

作　　者：李川 王玉书 黄小辉[2] LI Chuan;WANG Yushu;HUANG Xiaohui(Chongqing Banan District Forestry Administration,Banan 401320,Chongqing,China;Chongqing Academy of Forestry,Shapingba 400036,Chongqing,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市巴南区林业局,重庆巴南401320 [2]重庆市林业科学研究院,重庆沙坪坝400036

出　　处：《福建林业》2023年第4期38-41,共4页Fujian Forestry

基　　金：重庆市科技兴林项目(ZD2022-3)。

摘　　要：以核桃幼苗为研究对象,设置不缺素(CK)、缺钙和缺镁3个处理进行盆栽试验,测定核桃幼苗生长、生理等指标,分析钙、镁缺乏对核桃幼苗生长和光合生理的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,缺钙和缺镁处理的核桃株高、地径、叶面积、根长、根面积、根尖数量及生物量均显著下降,但缺钙和缺镁处理的I、Ⅱ级根表面积占比均显著上升,Ⅴ级根表面积占比显著下降,以及两者根冠比也显著上升;不同处理条件下,核桃叶片的光合色素含量均以CK处理最高,其次是缺钙处理,缺镁处理最低,并且两者Pn、Gs和Tr均显著低于CK处理,但水分利用效率显著上升;与CK处理相比,缺钙处理的Fv/Fm、Fv'/Fm'、ΦPSII及ETR下降不显著,但缺镁处理均显著下降,并且2个缺素处理的qP值均有所下降,而NPQ值均显著上升,表明以热形式耗散掉的光能部分明显增加。核桃在长时间缺钙、缺镁条件下,生长和光合作用均受到明显影响,且以缺镁处理受到的影响更大。To measure growth,physiology,and analyze how the deficiency of calcium and magnesium impacting the growth and photosynthetic characteristics to the walnuts tree seedling,3 groups of study objects of the walnuts tree seedling were set based on pot experiment,including no shortage of nutrients group(control group,CK),calcium deficiency group(-Ca),magnesium deficiency group(-Mg).The results showed that comparing to CK group,the height,ground diameter,leaf area,root length,root area,number of root tips and biomass of calcium and magnesium deficiency groups were significantly decreased,while I andⅡroot area was highly larger,Ⅴroot area was significantly smaller,and root cap was highly larger.The CK group has the highest photosynthetic pigments contents,then the calcium deficiency,the lowest was the magnesium deficiency,and the Pn,Gs and Tr was significantly lower than CK group,however,the water utilization was significantly higher.Comparing to CK group,Fv/Fm、Fv'/Fm'、ΦPSII and ETR in calcium deficiency group was not significantly decreased,while magnesium deficiency group significantly decreased.q P was decreased in both calcium and magnesium deficiency group,and NPQ increased,which means that the light energy was consumed in form of heat.This paper shows that,the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of walnuts tree seedling would be significantly impacted under long term calcium and magnesium deficiency,and magnesium deficiency has a bigger impact.

关 键 词：核桃 缺钙 缺镁 光合特性 

分 类 号：S792[农业科学—林木遗传育种]