白于山区不同土层土壤密度的空间异质性  

Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Bulk Density at Different Soil Layers in Baiyu Mountain Area

作　　者：马雅莉 石长春 高荣 李剑 马存平 张锡唐 张晨晨 刘喜东 乔江波 Ma Yali;Shi Changchun;Gao Rong;Li Jian;Ma Cunping;Zhang Xitang;Zhang Chenchen;Liu Xidong(Shaanxi Academy of Forestry,Xi’an 710082,P.R.China;State Long-term Observation and Research Station for Maowusu Sandy Desert Ecosystem in Yulin of Shaanxi;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University)

机构地区：[1]陕西省林业科学院,西安710082 [2]陕西榆林毛乌素沙地荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站 [3]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第10期86-91,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：陕西省科学技术厅青年项目(2021JQ-168);中国科学院西部青年学者B类项目(XAB2019B11);陕西省林业科学院科技创新计划项目(SXLK2021-0104);陕西林业科技创新重点专项(SXLK2023-02-11);陕西林业科技创新青年人才培育专项项目(SXLK2023-06-6);榆林市科技计划项目(YF-2022-9、YF-2022-11)。

摘　　要：为了解黄土区丘陵沟壑区不同土层密度空间分布特征,以陕北白于山区为研究对象,研究不同土层土壤密度的空间分布特征及其影响因素。以灌木林地、乔木林地、宜林地、裸露地4种立地类型为例,根据坡位条件,结合气候、土壤、地形因子,揭示了不同土层土壤密度的空间异质性,并利用传递函数方程进行模拟与预测。结果表明:不同土地利用方式时,土壤密度从大到小依次为裸露地(1.376 g·cm^(-3))、乔木林地(1.373 g·cm^(-3))、宜林地(1.360 g·cm^(-3))、灌木林地(1.332 g·cm^(-3)),以及坡下(1.385)、坡上(1.378)、坡中(1.323),且(0,10]cm土层密度具有较强的变异性。土壤密度的平均值在土壤表层(0,10]cm出现最低值,其空间变异系数由土壤表层向土壤深层呈递减趋势;冗余分析(RDA)表明,蒸发量、海拔、日照时间对土壤密度的影响最大;相关性分析表明,3个土层土壤密度与孔隙度均呈极显著负相关;主成分分析表明,蒸发量、土地利用类型、黏粒体积分数(<0.002 mm)、粉粒体积分数(0.02~0.002 mm)是影响土壤密度的主要因子;从传递函数方程模拟结果可以看出,白于山区土壤密度受到土地利用方式、土壤性质(孔隙度、黏粒体积分数、砂粒体积分数)、气候(蒸发量、年均降水量)等大尺度与小尺度因子的综合影响,受地形因子(海拔、坡度)影响较小,各土层土壤密度利用传递函数方程可得到较好的拟合,可用于白于山区复杂环境条件时区域尺度土壤密度空间分布的模拟与预测。In order to understand the spatial distribution characteristics of soil bulk density of different soil layers in hilly and gully region of loess region,this study took Baiyu Mountain area of northern Shaanxi Province to study the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil bulk density of different soil layers,and land productivity improvement and soil carbon and nitrogen storage estimation in hilly and gully region of loess region.In this study,four site types,shrub forest land,tree forest land,suitable forest land and bare land,were taken as examples.Based on slope condition,combined with climate,soil and topographic factors,the spatial heterogeneity of soil bulk density in different soil layers was revealed,and transfer function equation was used to simulate and predict.Under different land use modes,the soil density in descending order was bare land(1.376 g·cm^(-3)),arbor forest land(1.373 g·cm^(-3)),suitable forest land(1.360 g·cm^(-3))and shrub land(1.332 g·cm^(-3)),and down slope(1.385 g·cm^(-3)),up slope(1.378 g·cm^(-3))and middle slope(1.323 g·cm^(-3)),respectively,and the soil bulk density of(0,10]cm soil layer had strong variability.The mean value of soil bulk density was the lowest in the soil surface(0,10]cm,and its spatial variation coefficient decreased from the soil surface to the soil depth.Redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that evaporation,elevation and sunshine duration had the greatest influence on soil bulk density.Correlation analysis showed that soil bulk density and porosity in the three soil layers were negatively correlated.Principal component analysis showed that evaporation,land use type,clay content and silt content were the main factors affecting soil bulk density.As can be seen from the simulation results of transfer function equation,soil bulk density in the Baiyu Mountain area is affected by land use mode,soil properties(porosity,clay content and sand content),climate(evaporation,average annual precipitation)and other large-scale and small-scale factor

关 键 词：白于山区 土壤密度 空间异质性 传递函数 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]