柴达木盆地那棱格勒河冲积扇浅层地下水的脆弱性评价  

Vulnerability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater of Nalenggele Alluvial Fan,Qaidam Basin

作　　者：韩积斌[1] 张海云 张宝云 HAN Ji-bin;ZHANG Hai-yun;ZHANG Bao-yun(Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lakes Resources,Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,810008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China;Haixi Water Resources Bureau of Qinghai Province,Delingha,817200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,中国科学院盐湖资源综合高效利用重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]青海省海西州水利局,青海德令哈817200

出　　处：《盐湖研究》2023年第3期10-17,共8页Journal of Salt Lake Research

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金项目(2020-ZJ-932Q;2020-ZJ-732);中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-Z-2020-3);青海省“高端创新拔尖培养人才”项目。

摘　　要：那棱格勒河冲积扇含水层中赋存了巨大的地下淡水资源,除了维持流域生态用水之外,将用于为尾闾盐湖区提供生产和生活用水,其潜力十分巨大。地下水脆弱性评价是为了表征人类活动或自然作用下地下水水质对地表污染物的敏感性。本文在收集和整理了42口水文地质钻孔数据的基础上,利用DRASTIC模型对那棱格勒河流域1级冲积扇潜水进行脆弱性评价。结果显示,那棱格勒河I级冲积扇脆弱性指数大小范围为110~170,按脆弱性指数大小110~140、140~150、150~160、160~170分别分为极低—低敏感区、中等敏感区、高敏感区和极度敏感区4个区域,所占的面积比分别为2.13%、4.35%、17.81%和75.72%,高敏感区和极度敏感区主要分布在冲积扇中部和整个冲积平原地带,沿着河流方向地下水的脆弱性越大。评价结果表明那棱格勒河冲积扇地下水的固有脆弱性较脆弱,即对地表污染物的敏感度高。研究结果将对那棱格勒河冲积扇地下水资源的保护和开发利用提供科学依据。The Nalenggele alluvial fan aquifer is reserved huge fresh groundwater resource,which is not only kept the ecological water,but also has great potential to provide groundwater for salt industry and domestic water in the salt lake area.The groundwater vulnerability assessment is intended to characterize surface pollut⁃ants in groundwater quality under human activities or natural effects.The paper was collected 42 hydogeologi⁃cal boreholes of the study area,and utilized the DRASTIC model to assess vulnerability of Nalenggele alluvial I fan.The results indicated that,the vulnerability index of nalenggele I alluvial fan ranges from 110 to 170,which can be divided into four regions:Extremely Low-Low Sensitive Area(110~140),Medium Sensitive Area(140~150),High Sensitive Area(150~160)and Extremely Sensitive Area(160~170),respectively,with the area ratio for 2.13%,4.35%,17.81%and 75.72%,respectively.The High Sensitive Area and Ex⁃tremely Sensitive Area are mainly distributed in the middle of alluvial fan and the whole alluvial plain,with increasing vulnerability index of groundwater along the river direction.Meanwhile,the evaluation results sug⁃gested that the inherent vulnerability of the groundwater is relatively fragile,meaning that the groundwater is highly sensitivity by surface pollutants.The results of the study will provide a scientific basis for the protection and exploitation of groundwater resources in Nalenggele alluvial fan.

关 键 词：那棱格勒河冲积扇 浅层地下水 脆弱性评价 DRASTIC模型 地下水利用 

分 类 号：P641.11[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]