车载直流母线电容器电热耦合及散热特性分析  

Simulation analysis of thermal-electric coupling and heat dissipation characteristics of vehicle DC-bus capacitor

作　　者：黄琳皓 袁涛 郭新华[2] 王岩松 奚玄 HUANG Linhao;YUAN Tao;GUO Xinhua;WANG Yansong;XI Xuan(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;College of Information Science and Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen361021,Fujian Province,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院,上海201620 [2]华侨大学信息科学与工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《电子元件与材料》2023年第8期933-941,共9页Electronic Components And Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题(2022YFB2502802);国家自然科学基金(52005318);上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院博士点培育专项项目。

摘　　要：新能源汽车驱动电机控制器的高功率密度和高温化对其内部直流母线电容器的耐高温性能提出了更高要求。电热耦合特性分析及散热结构设计成为保证直流母线电容器安全可靠运行的关键。以某新能源汽车直流母线电容器为研究对象,基于ANSYS电热耦合分析,研究叠层母排电流密度及电容温度分布;设计矩形液冷散热流道板,利用FLUENT分析入口流速、入口温度、环境温度对散热效果和电容器温度分布的影响。结果表明:纹波电流、等效串联电阻及热阻直接影响电容器的最高温度;安装矩形液冷散热流道板后,电容器芯子内部最高温度由95.50℃下降至57.40℃;相比入口流速和入口温度,环境温度对散热效果的影响更显著。通过电热耦合分析和散热结构设计,提高直流母线电容器的耐高温和耐纹波电流能力,可为相关电容器散热设计和优化提供参考。Higher demands are imposed on the high-temperature resistance performance of the DC-bus capacitors by the high-power density and high-temperature requirements of the drive motor controller for new energy vehicles.The electric-thermal coupling characteristics analysis and design of heat dissipation structures became critical to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the DC-bus capacitors.A new energy vehicles DC-bus capacitor was analyzed with ANSYS electric-thermal coupling analysis,and the current density of the laminated busbar and the temperature distribution of the capacitor were investigated.The rectangular liquid-cooled heat dissipation runner plate was designed,and the influence of the inlet flow velocity,inlet temperature,and ambient temperature on the heat dissipation effectiveness and the capacitor temperature distribution was analyzed using FLUENT.The results show that the ripple current,equivalent series resistance and thermal resistance directly affect the maximum temperature of the capacitor.After installing the rectangular liquid-cooled heat dissipation runner plate,the maximum temperature inside the capacitor core decreases from 95.50℃to 57.40℃.Compared to the inlet flow rate and inlet temperature,the influence of the ambient temperature on the heat dissipation effect is more significant.This study enhanced the high-temperature and ripple current resistances of the DC-bus capacitors through the electric-thermal coupling analysis and heat dissipation structure design,providing valuable references for the design and optimization of the heat dissipation for the related capacitors.

关 键 词：直流母线电容器 热计算 电热耦合 散热特性 散热流道板 

分 类 号：TM531[电气工程—电器]