核生化个人防护技术现状与展望  

Status and Prospect of NBC Personal Protection Technology

作　　者：张学智 李和国 栗丽 ZHANG Xuezhi;LI Heguo;LI Li(State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian,Beijing 100191)

机构地区：[1]国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《防化研究》2022年第1期26-35,共10页CBRN DEFENSE

摘　　要：核生化个人防护装备是核生化威胁条件下确保人员安全的最后一道防线,其发展建设受到世界各国高度重视。围绕人员呼吸防护与皮肤防护两个方向,简要介绍了核生化个人防护原理、成熟技术与典型装备,重点分析了综合广谱防护、高效阻隔防护、自消毒式防护、选择透过式防护、头面一体化防护、智能可穿戴以及人机工效等技术的发展现状。最后,对核生化个人防护技术的未来进行了展望,阐述了个人防护技术将趋于拓展防护谱系、优化使用性能、提高信息化和智能化水平,从而引领和支撑未来个人防护装备性能的全面跃升。Nuclear,biological and chemical(NBC)personal protective equipment is the last line of safety for personnel under NBC threat conditions.Its development is highly valued by countries in the world.The basic principles and mature technologies of NBC personal protection and typical equipment are briefly introduced from the perspectives of personal breathing protection and skin protection,focusing on the current status of protection technologies in the fields of comprehensive broad-spectrum protection,efficient barrier protection,self disinfection protection,selective penetration protection,integrated head and face protection,intelligent wearable and ergonomics.Finally,the future of NBC personal protective technologies is prospected,expounding that personal protection technologies will tend to expand the protection spectrum,optimize the operational performance,and improve the level of information and intelligence,thus leading and supporting the overall leap of personal protective equipment in the future.

关 键 词：核生化防护 个人防护 呼吸防护 皮肤防护 智能防护 

分 类 号：R852.81[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]