高考分省招生制度背景下个体高等教育入学机会不平等的测度与分解  

Measurement and Decomposition of the Inequality of Individual’s Higher Education Enrollment Opportunities Under the Province⁃specific College Entrance Examination Admission System

作　　者：乐志强 刘英莹 LE Zhiqiang;LIU Yingying(Institute of Education,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330022,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学教育研究院,江西南昌330022

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2023年第5期74-86,共13页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Educational Science)

基　　金：江西省教育科学规划一般项目“高考分省招生制度背景下高等教育入学机会不平等的实证研究”(20YB016)。

摘　　要：在高考分省招生制度背景下,我国个体高等教育入学机会存在一定程度的不平等,但呈下降趋势。家庭背景尤其是父亲受教育年限仍然是影响个体高等教育入学机会不平等的关键因素,个体特征因素的影响甚微,但省域高等教育入学机会尤其是高考年份的作用却日渐增强。因此,国家可进一步提高民众的受教育水平以消除家庭文化资本差异的影响;根据各省高等教育适龄人口基数确定高校分省招生计划人数,并对近期当年入学率较高和较低的省份进行调整;鼓励高等教育适龄人群按照既定年龄参加高考。Under the background of the province-specific college entrance examination enrollment system,there is a certain degree of inequality in the individual’s enrollment opportunities in China,but it shows a downward trend.Family background,especially father’s years of education,is still the key factor affecting the inequality of individual’s higher education enrollment opportunities,and individual’s characteristics have little influence,but the role of provincial higher education enrollment opportunities,especially the year of college entrance examination,is increasing gradually.Therefore,China can further improve people’s education level to narrow the differences in family cultural capital,determine the quota of provincial enrollment plans according to the base quota of the higher education school-age population in each province,and encourage people of higher education age to take the college entrance examination when they reach that given age.

关 键 词：高考分省招生制度 省域高等教育入学机会 家庭背景 个体高等教育入学机会 不平等 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]