花生田种级昆虫群落结构及主要害虫与天敌相关性分析  

Species-level Based Insect Community Structure and Correlation Analysis Between Major Pests and Natural Enemies in Peanut Fields

作　　者：刘燊 曲春娟 李晓[2] 曲明静[2] 曾庆朝 于广威[4] 李超[1] LIU Shen;QU Chun-juan;LI Xiao;QU Ming-jing;ZENG Qing-chao;YU Guang-wei;LI Chao(College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural Unirersity,Urumqi 830052,China;Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;Plant Protection Station of Hainan Province,Haikou 571199,China;Weifang University of Science and Technology,Weifang 262700,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100 [3]海南省植物保护总站,海南海口571199 [4]潍坊科技学院,山东潍坊262700

出　　处：《花生学报》2023年第3期20-27,共8页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02008-4);国家花生产业体系(CARS-13);青岛市科技惠民示范专项(23-2-8-xdny-11-nsh);山东省农业科学院创新工程项目(CXGC2023A46,CXGC2023A39)。

摘　　要：为了摸清花生田种级昆虫群落结构,阐明主要害虫及天敌种间对应关系,明确主要害虫及潜在天敌种类,为花生害虫生物防治和生态调控奠定基础,通过采用传统形态、解剖和DNA条形码三种鉴定方法,对2016-2017年辽宁阜新花生田昆虫进行种级分类鉴定,解析昆虫群落结构,并对害虫优势种、常见种与天敌的发生动态及相关性进行分析。结果表明,辽宁阜新花生田昆虫种类丰富,群落结构比较稳定,害虫优势种为双斑萤叶甲(2 793±3头)和小绿叶蝉(1 725±341头),收集到对应天敌7种(1 477±184头)和19种(2 116±353头);害虫常见种花生蚜(826±110头),收集到天敌23种(2 656±353头),天敌种类丰富。天敌与害虫发生动态及相关性分析表明,与双斑萤叶甲显著相关的天敌是黑背毛瓢虫,与小绿叶蝉显著相关的天敌种类是龟纹瓢虫、叶色草蛉、大草蛉、异色瓢虫、大灰食蚜蝇、黑食蚜盲蝽和黑头叉胸花蝽;与花生蚜显著相关的是大灰食蚜蝇、烟蚜茧蜂、窄腹食蚜蝇、烟盲蝽和斜斑鼓额食蚜蝇。本研究阐明了阜新地区花生田昆虫群落结构稳定,天敌资源丰富;明确了双斑萤叶甲、小绿叶蝉和花生蚜的田间潜在控害天敌种类,在生产中应注意保护和利用这些天敌。[Objectives]The insect community structure on species level in peanut field was studied and the corresponding relationship between major pests and natural enemies was clarified,and also major pests and their latent natural enemies were figured out here,which will lay a solid foundation for biological control and ecological regulation of peanut pests in the field.[Methods]With three identification methods of traditional morphology,anatomy,and DNA bar code,insect samples from peanut field of Fuxin Liaoning in 2016-2017 were classified and identified on species level.It reveals the insect community structure,their correlation of the occurrence dynamics between dominant species,common species and natural enemies of pests.[Results]The insect species in the peanut field in Fuxin,Liaoning Province is abundant and the community structure is relatively stable.The dominant species are Monolepta hieroglyphica(2793±3 heads)and Empoasca flavescens(1725±341 heads),and their natural enemies with the number of 1477±184 heads of 7 species and 2116±353 heads of 19 species were collected respectively.For peanut aphids(Aphis craccivora)with number of 826±110 heads,the common pest in the field,there are 23 species of natural enemies with the number of 2656±353,which are abundant.The correlation of the occurrence dynamics between dominant species,common species and natural enemies of pests showed that the natural enemies of Monolepta hieroglyphica were significantly related to Soymnus bahai,and the natural enemies of Empoasca flavescens were significantly related to Propylaea japonica,Chrysopa phyllochroma,Sympetrum croceolum,Harmonia axyridis,Syrphus corollae,Deraeocoris punctulatus and Amphiareus obscuriceps.The natural enemies of Aphis craccivora were significantly related to Syrphus corollae,Aphidius gifuensis,Sphaerophoria cylindrica,Cyrtopeltis tenuis and Scaeva pyrastri.[Conclusion]The study indicated that the insect community structure in peanut field of Fuxin area is stable and the natural enemy resources are abundant,a

关 键 词：花生 害虫 天敌 群落多样性 

分 类 号：S435.652[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] Q968.1[农业科学—植物保护]