临港企业的技术变迁机制:基于演化经济地理学的理论解析  

The Technological Change Mechanism of Port-Vicinity Enterprise:The Theoretical Analysis Based on Evolutionary Economic Geography

作　　者：李南 杨翼 Li Nan;Yang Yi(School of Digital Economics and Management,Suzhou City University,Suzhou 215104,China;School of Economics and Management,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州城市学院数字经济与管理学院,江苏苏州215104 [2]华北理工大学经济管理学院,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《热带地理》2023年第9期1701-1711,共11页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“演化经济地理学视角下的港城阻滞机理、测度与港口城市高质量发展研究”。

摘　　要：港口城市环境影响着临港企业技术行为的塑造及其创新绩效,临港企业的技术变迁反过来又决定了港口城市的转型升级和多样化发展。演化经济地理学兼具时空要素融合,旨在理解经济活动空间变化的历史过程,适用于剖析与临港企业技术变迁相关的话题。文章整合运用了演化经济地理学中的广义达尔文主义、复杂性理论和路径依赖等视角,深入分析并讨论临港企业的技术变迁机制。研究发现:1)在市场竞争中,临港企业具有异质性,各企业的技术选择机制各有不同,形成类似于生物种群的技术演化关系。2)在有限理性的前提下,临港企业的技术变迁主要以局部搜寻的形式展开,可在认知邻近和较远认知距离之间的某位置实现较好的创新绩效,助力港口城市的技术路径向多元化方向发展。3)临港企业技术路径的演化可被分为4个阶段(路径形成前、路径形成、累积和自我强化、路径迁移),其面临着3种障碍(功能性锁定、认知性锁定、制度性锁定),新技术路径的形成需要内外合力的共同作用。The environment of a port city can shape the technological behavior of port-vicinity enterprise and then can influence their innovation performance.Conversely,the technological change of port-vicinity enterprise can determine the transformation and upgrade toward diversification of the port city.The limitation of the current research is that it could not be refined to port enterprises from the regional or industrial level and could not fit the dynamic trajectory of technological change of port-vicinity enterprises.Benefiting from the"evolutionary turn"of economic geography in recent years,the target of evolutionary economic geography,which fuses temporal and spatial factors,is to understand the historical process of economic evolution;hence,evolutionary economic geography is the appropriate platform to analyze this topic.This study integrates the main perspectives of evolutionary economic geography,including generalized Darwinism,complexity theory,and path dependence,to explain the behavior characteristics of port-vicinity enterprises such as technology search and selection,path locking,and so on.An evolutionary analysis framework was constructed for the technological change mechanism of port-vicinity enterprises and demonstrated the applicability and value space of evolutionary economic geography on this theme.The findings conclude the following:1)Observed from the perspective of generalized Darwinism,the heterogenous port-vicinity enterprises have different technology selection mechanisms in market competition,and the technological change is similar to the biological population evolution.The entry and exit of enterprises and technology reset of existing enterprises contribute jointly to the spatiotemporal evolution of portvicinity enterprises'technology.2)Under the premise of bounded rationality,the technological change of portvicinity enterprise was conducted by local search,the preferable innovation performance could be achieved on the certain position between cognitive proximity and distance.For complex tech

关 键 词：演化经济地理学 临港企业 技术变迁 路径依赖 生物种群 

分 类 号：K902[历史地理—人文地理学]