海南热带雨林国家公园重要传粉昆虫无刺蜂资源保护意识调查  

Investigation on the Conservation Consciousness of an Important Pollination Insect:Stingless Bee in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park

作　　者：陈歆[1] 赵珊[1] 李霖明 武华周 张哲[3] 高景林[1] 王释婕 Chen Xin;Zhao Shan;Li Linming;Wu Huazhou;Zhang Zhe;Gao Jinglin;Wang Shijie(Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;Forestry Project Management Office of Hainan Province,Haikou 570203,China;College of Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海口571101 [2]海南省林业项目管理办公室,海口570203 [3]海南大学林学院,海口570228

出　　处：《热带地理》2023年第9期1738-1746,共9页Tropical Geography

基　　金：质兰基金会“海南岛无刺蜂自然种群调查、保护和可持续利用”(2020040261A);现代农业产业技术体系(蜜蜂)建设(CARS-44-SYZ-11)。

摘　　要：2020年7月—2021年6月,采用参与式人物访谈、随机拦截式抽样等方法对海南热带雨林国家公园工作人员及周边社区群众的无刺蜂资源保护意识进行了问卷调查,共获得有效问卷291份。结果表明:国家公园周边社区群众主要是黎、苗等世居民族,其生产和生活方式仍主要依赖传统的自然资源,对无刺蜂的保护意识非常薄弱。其中,养蜂经验、对无刺蜂蜂产品的了解、对养蜂技术的需求是社区群众是否愿意并能够保护无刺蜂的3个主要因素。调查结果显示,64.04%的社区居民对无刺蜂及其产品的价值缺乏基本了解,91.67%的人没有无刺蜂饲养经验,39.06%的人不愿学习无刺蜂养殖技术。这些结果也侧面反映了海南热带雨林国家公园社区在无刺蜂的保护上存在相关保护法律规范不完善、知识普及工作不全面、养殖技术存在壁垒等问题,严重阻碍了无刺蜂资源的健康和可持续发展。为了有效保护和利用无刺蜂资源,需重视和加强无刺蜂保护科普和宣传教育,培育公众积极的保护态度,鼓励和引导无刺蜂原地保护和居民自主保护,从而促进无刺蜂人工养殖与野生保护的平衡以及无刺蜂资源的可持续发展。Stingless bees(Hymenoptera:Meloponini)play a significant ecological role in tropical and subtropical regions.They have good utilization value in pollination,medicinal applications,and industrial raw materials.However,the habitats of stingless bees have experienced fragmentation owing to anthropogenic interventions in the natural environment.Consequently,this disruption precipitated a substantial decline in both population abundance and species diversity,placing them at risk of endangerment.Recognizing this scenario,implementing measures to safeguard and judiciously exploit the stingless bee population has become imperative because it has a profound impact on the harmonized advancement of domains encompassing agriculture,medicine,and ecological diversity.From July 2020 to June 2021,comprehensive questionnaire surveys were methodically conducted.The methods employed included participatory interviews and random interception sampling techniques,culminating in a dataset of 291 validated questionnaires.These surveys indicated that the denizens of the communities surrounding the national park predominantly comprise ethnic groups such as Li and Miao.These groups continue to rely primarily on traditional natural resources for their sustenance and livelihood.However,their awareness of the importance of conserving the stingless bee population remains conspicuously deficient.Among the residents displaying the willingness and capacity to contribute to stingless bee conservation efforts,their inclinations appear to be influenced by factors such as prior experience in beekeeping,comprehension of stingless bee products,and demand for beekeeping techniques.Analysis of the survey results underscores a conspicuous gap in the fundamental understanding of the value of stingless bees and their products.Among the community residents,64.04%lacked this essential comprehension.Furthermore,91.67%of community residents did not engage in stingless bee breeding activities,and 39.06%were unwilling to learn beekeeping techniques.These findings

关 键 词：无刺蜂 参与式人物访谈 随机拦截式抽样 保护意识 海南热带雨林国家公园 

分 类 号：S863[农业科学—野生动物驯养]