硝酸银质量浓度对化学镀银织物隔热性能的影响  

Effect of silver nitrate mass concentration onthe thermal insulation performance of electroless silver plated fabrics

作　　者：孔德玉 郭立芸 冯新星 张华鹏[1] KONG Deyu;GUO Liyun;FENG Xinxing;ZHANG Huapeng(ZhejiangProvincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Institute of Military Engineering,Institute of Systems Engineering,Academy of Military Sciences,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学浙江省纤维材料和加工技术研究重点实验室,杭州310018 [2]军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所,北京100010

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2023年第5期181-189,共9页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3801502)。

摘　　要：为充分利用金属Ag的高红外反射率特性,采用化学镀银法制备隔热性能优异的锦纶镀银织物。以轻薄锦纶织物作为基材,采用化学镀银方法将AgNO_(3)中的Ag+以纳米颗粒的形式沉积在锦纶织物表面,探讨AgNO_(3)质量浓度对镀银织物的银沉积层厚度、表面结构与形貌、红外反射率、保暖隔热性能、透气透湿性能、耐摩擦性能的影响。结果表明:AgNO_(3)质量浓度在1~9 g L范围内,锦纶镀银织物的银沉积层厚度、晶粒尺寸和远红外反射率随着AgNO_(3)质量浓度的升高而增加;AgNO_(3)质量浓度越高锦纶镀银织物的克罗值越大,对应的隔热性能越好,与原始织物相比,化学镀银后织物的克罗值最大能提高到原始织物的2.2倍。随着AgNO_(3)质量浓度的增加,锦纶镀银织物的透气透湿率分别在43 mm s和87.93 g(m^(2)·h)以上,在摩擦3000次后,Ag层失重率约为1.7%。AgNO_(3)质量浓度在5~7 g L时,锦纶镀银织的远红外反射率和隔热性能处于最佳范围;组合絮片中,镀银织物放置的位置不同会影响组合絮片的克罗值,镀银织物放置于絮片上侧时,组合絮片的克罗值最高。In recent years,the frequency of global extreme climate events has increased dramatically.In extremely low temperature and harsh environments,the heat generated by the spontaneous metabolic activities of the human body is difficult to compensate for the heat lost on the surface of clothing.Traditional thermal insulation materials are too thick and heavy,making it difficult for people to wear heavy clothing for daily life and work.Ordinary people,especially those who are in outdoor survival,polar exploration or military personnel,have an increasing demand for lightweight and efficient thermal insulation textiles.Thermal radiation is one of the ways for human body to exchange heat with the surrounding environment.How to improve the thermal insulation performance of clothing by thermal radiation management under the same weight thickness condition is a goal that researchers have been pursuing.In recent years,researchers have proposed the"personal thermal management"method,which uses nanomaterials to increase the thermal infrared reflectivity of materials and reduce the loss of human body radiation heat,and serves as an important way to achieve lightweight and efficient thermal insulation of materials.How to achieve low cost,air permeability and moisture permeability,wear resistance and durability is the main direction to make it practical.Nylon fabrics have excellent properties such as wear resistance,moisture absorption,and elasticity,but they also have disadvantages such as low infrared reflectivity.To meet the needs of some special properties,nylon fabrics are often modified to improve and enhance the physical and chemical properties.In this study,nylon fabrics were chemically silver-plated to increase the infrared reflectivity of the fabric by depositing a silver nanolayer on the surface of nylon fibers.Different deposition conditions affect the thermal insulation performance of fabrics.We focused on the effect of AgNO_(3)concentration on the thermal insulation performance of fabrics.SEM was used to observe the

关 键 词：化学镀银 锦纶 镀银织物 热反射 保暖隔热性能 硝酸银 质量浓度 

分 类 号：TS156[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]