层压复合防酸织物的制备及其性能  

Preparation and performance of laminated composite acid-proof fabrics

作　　者：刘延波 张天艺[1,2] 庞蓉蓉 陈志军 杨波 LIU Yanbo;ZHANG Tianyi;PANG Rongrong;CHEN Zhijun;YANG Bo(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学纺织科学与工程学院,武汉430200 [2]武汉纺织大学省部共建纺织新材料与先进加工技术国家重点实验室,武汉430200 [3]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2023年第5期240-248,共9页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51973168);“武汉英才”湖北省武汉市高层次人才项目(武财行[2022]734)。

摘　　要：防酸织物在减少酸性液体对人体的损害方面具有重要的意义。设计了一种综合性能优异的多层层压复合型防酸织物,其中表层和里层是经过防酸碱整理剂和强力提升剂后整理的涤纶机织面料,芯层是静电纺和热轧处理后的PVDF PVDF-HFP纳米纤维膜。结果表明:热轧后的PVDF PVDF-HFP纳米纤维膜拉伸强力有所提升,纤维直径分布在0.4~1.3μm,孔径分布在2~3μm。防酸效果较好,复合织物的酸接触角为138.42°(30%HCl),130.23°(80%H 2SO 4),30%HCl的拒液效率为91.17%,酸穿透时间大于30 min。耐水洗效果较好,透气率为34.47 mm s,透湿量为3218.84 g(m 2·d)。同时具备良好的力学性能,浸80%H 2SO 4酸后,强力下降率在18%以下。Acid-resistant fabrics are popular for workers who have been exposed to intense acid corrosion in acidic environments for a long time.Fluorinated materials have low surface energy and are suitable for corrosion resistance.In addition to C element,polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)only contains F element,but has excellent acid and base resistance and organic solvent performance.Nevertheless,the higher the fluoride content,the more difficult the degradation,the higher the production cost,and the more difficult the processing.Polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)not only has fluorine resin and universal resin characteristics,but excellent chemical corrosion resistance.Its copolymer polyvinylidene fluoro-hexafluoropropylene(PVDF-HFP)reduces the melting temperature,and improves the fluoride content to a certain extent while retaining PVDF excellent performance,which is conducive to improving the corrosion resistance.Microporous membrane materials with a diameter of nanometers(tens of nanometers to hundreds of nanometers)can be prepared by electrospinning technology,and the resulting fibers have high specific surface area,narrow pore size and large porosity,so it is widely recognized as the most promising industrialization technology in the industry.At present,there are many studies on the application of electrospinning technology to protective fabrics,and it has become a practical method.To develop acid-resistant fabrics with excellent comprehensive properties,a multi-layer composite structure fabric was prepared by using laminated composite technology.Acid-resistant polyester woven fabrics were used on the surface and inner layers of the fabric,which were then modified with fluorinated finishes and strong lifters to give the fabric an acid-repellent effect.At the same time,it can provide high mechanical properties to composite fabrics.The PVDF PVDF-HFP nanofiber composite membrane,prepared by electrospinning in the core layer,prevents partial acid vapor penetration into the surface fabric and damage to human skin.The adhesive lay

关 键 词：静电纺丝 纳米纤维膜 防酸 复合织物 层压复合 

分 类 号：TS107.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]