植物生长调节剂和叶面肥对‘龙丰’苹果品质的影响  

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators and Foliar Fertilizer Treatment on Fruit Quality of Longfeng Apple

作　　者：胡颖慧[1] 卜海东[1] 袁晖[2] 杨悦 于文全[1] 顾广军[1] 刘畅[1] 崔全石 HU Yinghui;BU Haidong;YUAN Hui;YANG Yue;YU Wenquan;GU Guangjun;LIU Chang;CUI Quanshi(Mudanjiang Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Fruit Breeding and Cultivation in Cold Region,Mudanjiang 157000,China;Horticultural College,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院/寒地果树育种栽培重点实验室,黑龙江牡丹江157000 [2]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2023年第9期58-63,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项“牡丹江农业技术转移转化服务平台建设”;国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27);黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZ-KYF2022-1-B030);黑龙江省农业科学院应用研发项目(2021YYYF012)。

摘　　要：为了筛选利于寒地主栽苹果品种‘龙丰’(Malus domestica‘Longfeng’)品质提升的植物生长调节剂和叶面肥组合,以‘龙丰’苹果为材料,设置5个不同植物生长调节剂和叶面肥组合处理,以清水为对照,研究不同生长调节剂对‘龙丰’苹果品质的影响。结果表明,不同处理缩短了‘龙丰’果实果柄长度,使果实着色加深;采前14 d单独喷施5%萘乙酸4000倍液或5%萘乙酸4000倍液+复合微生物肥料1500倍液对果实表型性状和内在品质没有显著影响;T3、T4处理花期施用5%萘乙酸4000倍液进行疏花显著增加果实单果重和横纵径,果实单果重分别较对照提高14.39%和12.26%,横径分别较对照提高6.62%和5.86%,纵径分别较对照提高5.13%和6.72%。T4处理采前施用5%萘乙酸4000倍液+氨基酸肥1000倍液+大量元素水溶肥500倍液果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和可滴定酸含量较对照分别显著提高15.27%、29.27%和36.14%。采前喷施氨基酸叶面肥(阔实1000倍液+润色500倍液),使‘龙丰’苹果果实硬度和果实可滴定酸含量较对照分别显著降低21.60%和32.09%,说明采前喷施氨基酸叶面肥会影响‘龙丰’苹果的耐储性和风味。生产中推荐花期施用萘乙酸进行疏花,采前萘乙酸、氨基酸叶面肥和大量元素水溶肥配合施用可提升‘龙丰’苹果果实品质。In order to select the combination of plant growth regulators and foliar fertilizers which is advantageous to the fruit quality of Longfeng,a major apple variety planted in cold regions.Longfeng apples were treated with 5 different plant growth regulators and leaf fertilizer,and water was used as the control to study the effects of diff erent growth regulators on the quality of Longfeng apple.The results showed that different treatments shortened the fruit stalk of Longfeng and deepened the fruit color.There was no effect on fruit appearance and internal quality with the treatment of 4000 times concentration of 5%NAA or 4000 times concentration of 5%NAA+1500 times concentration of microbial fertilizer.The treatment of T3 and T4 with 4000 times concentration of 5%NAA application to flower thinning could significantly increased single fruit weight,fruit transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter.The single fruit weight of T3 and T4 increased by 14.39%and 12.26%respectively compared with CK.The transverse diameter respectively increased by 6.62%and 5.86%.The longitudinal diameter respectively increased by 5.13%and 6.72%.The contents of soluble solid,soluble sugar and titratable acid in T4 treatment fruit of 4000 times concentration of 5%NAA+1000 times concentration of amino acid foliar fertilizer+500 times concentration of foliar fertilizer with a large number of elements were significantly increased by 15.27%,29.27%and 36.14%respectively,compared with the control.Compared with the control,the fruit hardness and titrifiable acid content of Longfeng apples were significantly reduced by 21.60%and 32.09%by applying amino acid foliar fertilizer before harvest(1000 times concentration of Kuoshi+500 times concentration of Runse),indicating that the storage resistance and flavor of Longfeng apples were affected by applying amino acid foliar fertilizer before harvest.In production,it is recommended to spray naphthalene acetic acid at florescence for flower thinning,and combine the application of pre-harvest naphthalene a

关 键 词：植物生长调节剂 叶面肥 ‘龙丰’苹果 品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]