生物预处理耦合湿法储存对玉米秸秆产沼气性能的影响  

Effects of Biological Pretreatment Coupled with Wet Storage on Biogas Production of Corn Straw

作　　者：何荣玉 张自强 HE Rongyu;ZHANG Ziqiang(CECEP Green Carbon Environment Protection,Beijing 100082,China)

机构地区：[1]中节能绿碳环保有限公司,北京100082

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2023年第9期80-86,共7页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国节能环保集团有限公司重大科技创新项目(cecep-zdkj-2019-003);中节能绿碳环保有限公司科技创新项目(lt-yf-2017-02)。

摘　　要：秸秆储存是确保秸秆沼气工程原料稳定供应的有效手段,预处理是提高秸秆沼气化利用效率的有效方法。为促进秸秆沼气化利用,以玉米秸秆为研究对象,在短期浸泡、长期厌氧两种湿法储存过程中,分别添加沼液、牛粪、菌剂进行生物预处理,对比分析玉米秸秆成分和沼气产气性能的变化。结果表明,生物预处理耦合湿法储存,能有效提高玉米秸秆产沼气性能。当短期浸泡预处理储存时,随储存时间推移,各试验组纤维素、半纤维素含量逐渐降低,TS产气率逐渐提升;其中菌剂组产沼气性能最佳,储存20 d后TS产气率最高,达492.6 m^(3)·t^(-1),比对照组高18.78%。当长期厌氧预处理储存时,各试验组纤维素、半纤维素在储存前60 d降解较快、后期降解缓慢,TS产气率呈现先升后降的趋势,其中菌剂组产沼气性能最佳,TS产气率在第60天达到最高值522.1 m^(3)·t^(-1),较对照组增长60.89%;而沼液组、牛粪组TS产气率分别从第50天、第180天后低于对照组。因此,在秸秆沼气工程运行过程中,可结合实际情况选择合适的预处理储存方式,提高秸秆TS产气率。Straw storage is an effective means to ensure the stable supply of raw materials for crop straw biogas plant,and pretreatment is a common method to improve the biogas production of straw.In order to promote the biogas utilization of straw,this paper took corn straw as the research object,and added biogas slurry,cow dung and microorganism agent respectively for biological pretreatment during the two wet storage processes of short-term soaking and long-term anaerobic,and compared and analyzed the changes in the composition and the biogas production performance of corn straw.The results showed that biological pretreatment coupled with wet storage could effectively improve biogas production performance of corn straw.In the short-term soaking pretreatment storage,the content of cellulose and hemicellulose gradually decreased,and the biogas production rate of total solids gradually increased with the storage time.The biogas production of the microorganism agent group was the best,and the biogas production rate of total solids was the highest after 20 days of storage,reaching 492.6 m^(3)·t^(-1),which was 18.78%higher than that in the control group.In the long-term anaerobic pretreatment storage,the cellulose and hemicellulose of each test groups were degraded rapidly on the first 60 days and slowly later,and the biogas production rate of total solids of each test groups showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing.The biogas produciton of the microorganism agent group was the best,and the biogas production rate of total solids reached the highest value of 522.1 m^(3)·t^(-1)on 60 days of storage,which increased by 60.89%compared with the control group.However,the biogas production rate of total solids of biogas slurry group and cow dung group was lower than that of control group from 50 and 180 days of storage,respectively.Therefore,during the operation of straw biogas projects,appropriate pre-treatment and storage methods can be selected based on the actual situation to improve the gas production rate of straw T

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 湿法储存 生物预处理 产沼气性能 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]