不同开口饵料及转食策略对乌原鲤仔、稚鱼生长和存活的影响  

Effects of initial diet and weaning strategies on the growth and survival of Percocypris mera

作　　者：李娟 阙延福[1] 徐林 朱滨[1] 廉浩 王理 乔晔[1] LI Juan;QUE Yan-fu;XU Lin;ZHU Bin;LIAN Hao;WANG Li;QIAO Ye(Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,China;Institute of Changjiang Ecological Conservation Co.LTD,Wuhan 430079,China;Guangxi Datengxia Gorge Water Conservancy Development Co.LTD,Guiping 537200,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,武汉430079 [2]湖北中水长江生态保护研究院有限公司,武汉430079 [3]广西大藤峡水利枢纽开发有限责任公司,广西桂平537200

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2023年第5期55-60,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：广西大藤峡水利枢纽开发有限责任公司委托项目(DHB2020002)。

摘　　要：为研究不同开口饵料、不同转食策略对乌原鲤(Procypris merus)仔、稚鱼生长和存活率的影响,实验选用蛋黄、微粒子饲料、丰年虫3种饵料投喂乌原鲤仔鱼15 d,记录仔鱼生长指标和存活率;并采用2种转食策略投喂初始体质量为(3.60±0.49) mg的乌原鲤仔鱼至45日龄(45DHA),分别在20、35日龄转食水蚯蚓和微粒子饲料,分组为T20水蚯蚓、T20微粒子、T35水蚯蚓、T35微粒子,研究其对乌原鲤仔鱼生长和存活率的影响。结果显示:投喂丰年虫能保证乌原鲤仔鱼有较快的生长速度和高存活率,与微粒子饲料、蛋黄组体长、体重、特定生长率和存活率有显著差异。在不同转食策略中,除T20微粒子组存活率为76.00%,其余三组均高于82%。相同转食起点,转食水蚯蚓效果比转食微粒子饲料好;相同转食种类,延后转食起点生长速度快,存活率高(35日龄转食效果优于20日龄)。结果表明,在3种开口饵料中,丰年虫是乌原鲤仔鱼最适宜的开口饵料;不同转食策略中,乌原鲤仔鱼以丰年虫开口,35日龄转食水蚯蚓效果最佳。Egg yolk,microparticle diet and Artemia were used to fed the larvae of P.mera for 15 days and recorded growth and survival rate to study the effects of different initial diets and different weaning strategies on the growth and survival rate in larvae and juveniles of Percocypris mera.Two weaning strategies were adopted to feed P.mera larvae with initial body weight(3.60±0.49)mg to 45 days after hatching(45 DHA).The larvae were fed Tubifex and microparticle feeds at 20 DAH and 35 DAH,respectively,which were divided into T20 Tubifex,T20 microparticles,T35 Tubifex and T35 microparticles.The results showed that feeding Artemia could ensure the fast growth rate and high survival rate of P.mera larvae,which was significantly different from that of the microparticle diet and egg yolk group in body length,weight,specific growth rate and survival rate.In different weaning strategies,except for T20 microparticle group,the survival rate was 76.00%,and the other groups were higher than 82%.At the same starting point,the effect of feeding Tubifex was better than that of feeding microparticle feed.With the same type of food conversion,the delayed food conversion starting point had a fast growth rate and a high survival rate(35 DAH was better than 20 DAH).The results indicated that artemia was the most suitable open bait for P.mera larvae.In the different strategies of weaning,the larvae of P.mera started with Artemia,the effect of feeding on Tubifex at 35 DAH was the best.

关 键 词：乌原鲤(Procypris merus) 开口饵料 转食策略 生长 存活率 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]