杂交稻组合节水抗旱性鉴定评价综合指标构建  

Study on the Construction of a Comprehensive Index Identification and Evaluation of Water Saving and Drought Resistance of Hybrid Rice Combinations

作　　者：康海岐 孙小文 王士梅[3] 何芳[4] 曾永旋 覃蓉敏 韩友学 康家荣 曾琳 张鸿[5] KANG Haiqi;SUN Xiaowen;WANG Shimei;HE Fang;ZENGYongxuan;QIN Rongmin;HAN Youxue;KANG Jiarong;ZENG Lin;ZHANG Hong(College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,Hainan,China;China National Seed Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100031,China;Rice Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China;Sichuan Provincial Seed Station,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,Sichuan,China;Zhongzhi Shunguan Agricultural Group Co.,Ltd,Nanning 530000,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海口570228 [2]中国种子集团有限公司,北京100031 [3]安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所,合肥230031 [4]四川省种子站,成都610041 [5]四川省农业科学院,成都610066 [6]中致顺冠农业集团有限公司,南宁530000

出　　处：《农学学报》2023年第8期1-10,共10页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：广西重大科技创新基地开放课题“水稻抗旱性定量标识品种与广西优质杂交稻抗旱性研究”(2018-15-Z06-KF16);四川省农业科学院前沿学科研究基金“稻米回生性相关位点OsRTG候选基因的编辑研究”(2019QYXK017);四川省育种攻关项目“引领性水稻育种材料与方法创新及新品种选育”(2021YFYZ0016);现代农业学科建设推进工程“镉低积累抗倒伏优质水稻种质创新与新品种选育”(2021XKJS001);安徽省农科院创新团队项目“抗旱水稻新品种选育与应用”(2021LY004);安徽省基金项目“应用染色体片段代换系群体剖析水稻抗旱性遗传生理机制”(1908085MC93)。

摘　　要：为了简化杂交稻组合节水抗旱性的综合评价技术体系从而便于育种应用,以6个杂交稻组合进行梯度量化控水试验,通过观察记载和常规考种获得了产量等相关农艺性状数据。利用产量及其结构性状、播抽天数和收获指数等5个初级性状指标,在基于各性状抗旱指数作图和面积算法的基础上,构建了5个多梯度多性状复合抗旱指标:产量及其结构指标(Y-PFK)、产量与抽穗延迟效应指标(Y-HDD)、产量与收获指数指标(Y-HI)、节水抗旱性综合指标1(CI1)和综合指标2(CI2),对各试验组合的5个指标进行计算和作图分析,结果表明指标CI1、CI2、Y-PFK对试验组合的节水抗旱性综合评价效果好,且与田间实际经验观察结果一致;对6个试验组合的节水抗旱性综合评价排序为:‘旱两优8号’>(‘雅优旱禾’>‘旱优737’)>(‘旱优73’>‘荃优116’>‘荃9优86’)。研究结果证明,本研究构建的多梯度多性状复合抗旱指标Y-PFK、CI1、CI2适用于水稻节水抗旱性的综合评价,是利用常规考种数据对杂交稻组合节水抗旱性综合评价和排序的简化指标,可以在节水抗旱稻育种上进行应用。A gradient quantitative water control experiment was conducted with six hybrid rice combinations to simplify the technical system of the comprehensive evaluation of water conservation and drought resistance of hybrid rice combinations and their application in breeding.Observation records and traditional seed testing methods were employed to obtain yield data and other agronomic parameters.Based on the mapping and area algorithm of drought resistance index of each trait,five composite indexes of drought resistance involving multi gradient and multi traits were constructed by using five primary trait indexes,including yield and its component traits,sowing to heading days and harvest index.The five composite indexes were Y-PFK(the index of yield and its component),Y-HDD(the index of yield and the delayed effect of heading date),Y-HI(the index of yield and harvest index),CI1(the comprehensive index 1)and CI2(the comprehensive index 2).Each combination's five composite indexes were computed,and their mapping was analyzed.The results have shown that CI1,CI2,Y-PFK positively impacted the tested combinations'comprehensive evaluation of water conservation and drought resistance and were consistent with the actual field experience observation.The comprehensive evaluation of water conservation and drought resistance of the six hybrid rice combinations were as follows:‘Hanliangyou 8’>(‘Yayou Hanhe’>‘Hanyou 737’)>(‘Hanyou 73’>‘Quanyou 116’>‘Quan 9you 86’).The research findings demonstrate that the multi-gradient and multi-traits composite indexes of drought resistance,Y-PFK,CI1 and CI2,are appropriate for comprehensively evaluating rice’s water conservation and drought resistance.These are simplified indicators for the comprehensive assessment and sequencing of water conservation and drought resistance of hybrid rice combinations by only using conventional seed testing data.These composite indexes can be applied to rice breeding for water conservation and drought resistance.

关 键 词：杂交稻 节水抗旱性 鉴定评价 复合指标 节水抗旱稻 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]