植物对土壤硒污染的响应及耐硒机制研究进展  

Research Progress on Responses and Tolerance Mechanisms of Plants to Selenium Pollution

作　　者：张萍 薛经伦 刘园 程玉渊 史玉龙 丁新洁 贾宏昉[1] 邵惠芳[1] ZHANG Ping;XUE Jing-lun;LIU Yuan(College of Tobacco,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002;Nanyang Tobacco Company of Henan Province,Nanyang,Henan 473000)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省烟草公司南阳市公司,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第17期14-17,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省烟草公司科技项目(2022410000240015);河南省烟草公司南阳市公司创新项目(NYYCKJ201901)。

摘　　要：硒作为重金属元素,同时也是有机体中不可缺少的生命元素。目前已经初步研究了植物对硒的吸收以及施加外源硒对农作物产量和品质的影响,但对过量施用硒肥造成土壤污染等的生态风险和应对措施研究较少。在硒污染土壤现状、形成原因及其生态风险分析的基础上,论述硒污染土壤种植作物的生长发育、光合作用、抗氧化系统等生理功能,相关基因表达的响应、作物的毒害阈值及影响因子和植物耐硒机制,分析现阶段土壤硒污染面临的主要问题,展望未来的研究方向,为预防及修复土壤硒污染提供理论基础。As a heavy metal element,selenium is also an indispensable life element in organisms.At present,the absorption of selenium by plants and the influence of exogenous selenium on crop yield and quality have been preliminarily studied,but there are few studies on the ecological risks and countermeasures of soil pollution caused by excessive application of selenium fertilizer.Based on the analysis of the current situation,causes,and ecological risks of selenium contaminated soil,this paper discusses the physiological functions of crops grown in selenium contaminated soil,such as growth and development,photosynthesis,antioxidant system,response of related gene expression,toxicity thresholds and influencing factors of crops,and selenium tolerance mechanisms of plants.It analyzes the main problems faced by soil selenium pollution at present and looks forward to future research directions,To provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and remediation of soil selenium pollution.

关 键 词：硒污染 生理响应 毒害水平 耐硒机制 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]