果园生态系统凋落物分解研究进展及生态特性综述  

Review on Research Progress and Ecological Specificity of Litter Decomposition in Orchard Ecosystem

作　　者：卢玉鹏 高柱[1,2] 张小丽 陈璐 王小玲 LU Yu-peng;GAO Zhu;ZHANG Xiao-li(Institute of Biological Resources,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330096;Jinggangshan Institute of Biotechnology,Ji’an,Jiangxi 343016)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院生物资源研究所,江西南昌330096 [2]井冈山生物技术研究院,江西吉安343016

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第17期18-22,29,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省科学院科技专项(2020YYB05,2021YSBG21020);江西省重点研发计划项目(20192ZDF04019,20181BBF60009,20171ACF60024)。

摘　　要：凋落物分解是生态系统物质循环的重要过程之一,是植物将C、N、P等养分元素返还土壤的主要途径。对于果园生态系统,具备农业和林业生态系统的双重特征,同时拥有一个“开环”结构的养分循环系统,因而凋落物分解具有独特的重要性和生态特征。从果园凋落物分解的主要研究内容、凋落物分解对果园生态系统的影响、果园生态系统中凋落物分解的生态特性三个方面综述了果园生态系统凋落物分解研究进展及生态特性。发现目前果园凋落物分解研究与实际生产问题结合性不强,缺乏对果园生态系统一些独特性生态问题的关注。因此,建议采用定量的方法,针对果园系统特性,将研究结果与生产相结合,指导果园管理,实现生态和经济双收益。Litter decomposition is one of the important processes of ecosystem material cycle,and it is the main way for plants to return carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and other nutrients to the soil.For the orchard ecosystem,it has the dual characteristics of agricultural and forestry ecosystems,as well as a nutrient cycle system with an“open loop”structure.Therefore,litter decomposition has unique importance and ecological characteristics in orchard ecosystem.We review the research progress and ecological specificity of litter decomposition in orchard ecosystems from three aspects:the study contents of orchard litter decomposition,the effects of litter decomposition on orchard ecosystem,the ecological specificity of litter decomposition in orchard ecosystems.At present,the research on orchard litter decomposition is not well integrated with actual production problems,and there is a lack of attention to some unique ecological problems in the orchard ecosystem.Therefore,it is suggested adopt a quantitative method,aiming at the specific content of the orchard system,to combine the research results with production,to guide orchard management,and achieve both ecological and economic benefits.

关 键 词：凋落物分解 果园生态系统 管理措施 土壤性质 凋落物基质质量 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]