基于ISSR分子标记的中华鳖种群遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Pelodiscus sinensis Populations Based on ISSR Molecular Marker

作　　者：丁淑荃[1] 吴梦晓 尤昆 袁娟 崔鑫炎 黄梅 谢俊杰 米笛 DING Shu-quan;WU Meng-xiao;YOU Kun(College of Animal Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230036)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,安徽合肥230000 [2]肥东县水产技术推广站,安徽合肥231600 [3]定远县绿色亲情种养殖专业合作社,安徽滁州233200

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第17期72-77,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省科技重大专项(202003b06020028)。

摘　　要：利用简单重复序列间扩增(inter simple sequence repeat, ISSR)分子标记技术对5种中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis)种群的遗传多样性以及亲缘关系进行分析。结果显示:采用筛选出的10条ISSR引物对来自5个种群的中华鳖个体样本的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,共获得123条清晰的扩增位点,平均多态性条带(PPB)比例为73.417%。5个居群的等位基因数(Na)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)、Shannon多样性指数(I)分别为1.748 0、1.417 7、0.245 5、0.370 4,其中乌鳖群体的遗传多样性水平高于其他中华鳖,淮河鳖群体的变异程度最小。5个居群总遗传多样性指数(Ht)=0.240 0±0.037 1,居群内遗传多样性指数(Hs)=0.174 7±0.021 6,基因分化系数(Gst)=0.271 9,基因流(Nm)=1.339 0。总遗传变异结果显示:有27.19%的变异发生在居群间,72.81%的变异发生在居群内。杂交鳖与日本品系之间遗传一致度最高(0.937 1),遗传距离最小(0.064 9);中国台湾品系和乌鳖的遗传距离最大(0.127 5)。聚类分析表明,杂交鳖、日本品系和淮河品系聚为一类群,乌鳖与其他品系差异较大,单独为一类群。该研究结果丰富了中华鳖分子标记信息,分析当前中华鳖遗传资源形势,为新品种选育改良、种质资源管理等提供参考资料和理论指导。The genetic diversity parameters and their relationship of five Chinese soft-shelled turtle(Pelodiscus sinensis)populations were analyzed by inter-simple repeat sequence(ISSR)amplification molecular marker technique.P.sinensis genomic DNA was amplified by PCR with ten selected ISSR primers,and 123 clear amplification sites were obtained.The average proportion of polymorphic bands(PPB)was 73.417%.The 5 populations’number of alleles(N a),effective number of alleles(N e),Nei’s gene diversity index(H)and Shannon diversity index(I)were 1.7480,1.4177,0.2455,0.3704,respectively.The ink turtle population had the highest level of genetic diversity,while the Huaihe River population had the lowest degree of variation.The total genetic diversity index(H t),intra-population genetic diversity index(H s),gene differentiation coefficient(G st)and gene flow(N m)were 0.2400±0.0371,0.1747±0.0216,0.2719 and 1.3390 respectively.Total genetic variation indicated that 27.19%of the variation occurred between populations and 72.81%occurred within populations.The genetic identity between hybrid turtles and Japanese populations is the highest(0.9371),and the genetic distance is the lowest(0.0649).The genetic distance between Taiwan(China)populations and ink turtle was the largest(0.1275).Cluster analysis showed that the hybrid turtles,Japanese and Huai River populations were clustered into one group,and the ink turtle was quite different from others.This study enriches the molecular marker information,analyzes the current situation of genetic resources of P.sinensis,and provides reference for the breeding and improvement of new varieties and germplasm resource management.

关 键 词：中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis) ISSR 种质资源 分子标记 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]