某三级精神专科医院医院感染与抗菌药物使用现况调查  

Prevalence of nosocomial infection and use of antibiotics in a tertiary psychiatric hospital

作　　者：王红卫 张梦伟 顾梅 李越 姚高峰 刘云[3] WANG Hong-wei;ZHANG Meng-wei;GU Mei;LI Yue;YAO Gao-feng;LIU Yun(Fuyang Third People's Hospital,Fuyang,Anhui 236015,China)

机构地区：[1]阜阳市第三人民医院感染管理科,安徽阜阳236015 [2]阜阳市第三人民医院临床心理科,安徽阜阳236015 [3]阜阳市第三人民医院睡眠医学科,安徽阜阳236015

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2023年第15期2377-2381,共5页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：安徽省卫健委重点科研项目(AHWJ2021a035)。

摘　　要：目的 了解某三级精神专科医院感染发病率与抗菌药物使用情况,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法 回顾性收集2020年1月-2021年9月住院患者为研究对象,记录其基本信息、医院感染和抗菌药物使用情况。对比各科室感染及抗菌药物使用情况,分析封闭和开放病房感染及抗菌药物使用差异。结果 共调查住院患者19 424例,医院感染169例,例次数为180人次;医院感染发病率0.87%,例次率0.93%;发病率前3位为精神科(3.64%)、老年医学科(1.23%)、物质依赖科(1.16%);感染部位以上呼吸道(42.78%)、下呼吸道(36.67%)、胃肠道(7.22%)为主;1 237例(6.37%)患者使用抗菌药物,使用前5位科室为重症医学科、精神科、老年医学科、物质依赖科及神经内科;封闭病房抗菌药物使用例数及联用情况和开放病房对比具有统计学差异(P<0.05);抗菌药物使用前病原学送检率为11.08%,排名前5位为神经内科、老年医学科、睡眠医学科、精神科及重症医学科;封闭病房抗菌药物使用前病原学送检率和开放病房对比具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论 某精神专科医院医院感染发病率低于全国各地区,封闭病房医院感染与抗菌药物使用较多,医院感染以上呼吸道为主,抗菌药物使用及病原送检需进一步规范,院感管理部门应以此为参考依据,建立健全管理制度。OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of infection and the use of antibacterial drugs in a tertiary psychiatric hospital,and to provide the basis for prevention and control measures.METHODS The patients admitted in the hospital from Jan to Sep 2021 were retrospectively collected as research subjects,and their basic information,nosocomial infection and use of antibiotics were recorded.The infection and antibacterial drug use in each department were compared,and the differences of infection and antibacterial drug use between closed and open wards were analyzed.RESULTS Total of 19424 inpatients were investigated,169 cases of nosocomial infection occurred,with the 180 case-times in total.The incidence of nosocomial infection was 0.87%and the case rate was 0.93%.The top 3 morbidity departments were psychiatry department(3.64%),geriatrics department(1.23%)and substance dependence department(1.16%).The infection sites were mainly upper respiratory tract(42.78%),lower respiratory tract(36.67%)and gastrointestinal tract(7.22%).Antibiotics were administered in 1237 patients(6.37%),and the top 5 departments were intensive care,psychiatry,geriatrics,substance dependence and neurology departments.The differences in the cases and combination of antibiotics between the closed ward and open ward were different(P<0.05).The rate of pathogenic examination was 11.08%before the use of antibiotics,and the top 5 departments were neurology,geriatrics,sleep medicine,psychiatry and intensive care medicine departments.There was difference in the detection rate between the closed ward and the open ward before the use of antibiotics(P<O.05).CONCLUSION The incidence rate of nosocomial infection in a psychiatric hospital is lower than that in other area of the country.Nosocomial infection and the use of antibacterial drugs are more in closed wards,and upper respiratory tract infection is the main type of the nosocomial infection.The use of antibacterial drugs and pathogen detection need to be further standardized,and can be a reference for a

关 键 词：精神专科医院 医院感染 发病率 抗菌药物 使用率 现况调查 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]