新型冠状病毒感染发生危重症及死亡的危险因素及其临床干预措施研究进展  

Progress of research on risk factors for critical illness and death of SARS-CoV-2 infection cases and clinical interventions

作　　者：施施 孙丹[1] 夏婷婷 杨金燕[1] 黄金妹 索继江[1,3] 刘运喜[3] 林莉 闫中强[1,5] SHI Shi;SUN Dan;XIA Ting-ting;YANG Jin-yan;HUANG Jin-mei;SUO Ji-jiang;LIU Yun-xi;LIN Li;YAN Zhong-qiang(Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital,Sanya,Hainan 572014,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院海南医院疾病预防控制科,海南三亚572014 [2]海口市人民医院,海南海口570100 [3]解放军总医院第一医学中心疾病预防控制科,北京100039 [4]解放军中部战区总医院急诊医学科,湖北武汉430070 [5]解放军总医院第二医学中心疾病预防控制科,北京100039

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2023年第16期2555-2560,共6页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：“十三五”国家科技重大专项基金资助项目(2018ZX10733402-001-002)。

摘　　要：新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的急性传染性疾病,在全球造成了前所未有的社会和经济影响。在COVID-19进展的过程中,基于循证依据明确了许多感染个体的危险因素,包括高龄、男性、吸烟、饮酒、妊娠、代谢相关的疾病(如糖尿病、高血压、心血管疾病和肝病)、慢性肺部疾病、慢性肾脏疾病、营养不良、癌症及化疗,同时指出感染病毒的株型及载量也与COVID-19严重程度相关。建议对存在危险因素的SARS-CoV-2感染者落实科学干预,通过合理的药物干预(抗病毒、抗凝、抗炎及中药方剂)及适当的非药物干预措施,如监测、营养支持和包含中医锻炼、中药香薰等中医特色疗法。本综述分析影响COVID-19病程进展的危险因素,并依据国内外诊疗方案及案例提出干预措施,强调并发症的识别及治疗。Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)is an acute infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and has had an unprecedented impact on global economy and society.During the progression of COVID-19,a number of risk factors for the infection in individuals were identified by evidence-based study,including advanced age,male gender,smoking,alcohol drinking,pregnancy,metabolism-related diseases(such as diabetes mellitus,hypertension,cardiovascular disease,and liver disease),chronic pulmonary disease,chronic kidney disease,malnutrition,cancer,and chemotherapy.The type of viral strain and viral load were also associated with the severity of COVID-19.It is suggested that scientific interventions should be carried out for the people with the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection;it is necessary to take reasonable drug interventions such as antiviral therapy,anticoagulation,antinflammation and Chinese medicine formulas as well as appropriate non-drug interventions like surveillance,nutrition support and traditional Chinese medicine characteristic therapy including TCM exercises and herbal aromatherapy.The risk factors for the progression of COVID-19 course are reviewed in the article,the intervention measures are proposed based on treatment and diagnosis schemes and cases in China and abroad,and attention should be paid on the identification and treatment of complications.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 新型冠状病毒 严重程度 危险因素 干预措施 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学]