巴拉德《摩天楼》中的“高层公寓”:城市空间书写与现代性批判  

High-Rise Apartment in Ballard's High-Rise:Urban Space Writing and Modernity Criticism

作　　者：姜峰 Jiang Feng(School of Foreign Languages,Renmin University of China,Beijing100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2023年第4期126-136,共11页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目“巴拉德生态灾难小说中的后人文主义思想研究”(22XNH168)。

摘　　要：当代英国作家詹姆斯·格雷厄姆·巴拉德的小说《摩天楼》以一幢高层公寓建筑为媒介考察晚期资本主义城市空间中的现代性弊病与危机。小说中的“高层公寓”既是现代性的象征,也是一面将现代性祛魅的镜子。“高层公寓”对环境的排斥原子化了社区和居民,摧毁了地方感,增加了匿名性,造成现代人精神层面的无根状态和道德伦理滑坡;“高层公寓”的空间等级区隔建构了新的阶层区分和身份差异,维护、巩固并再生产等级化的社会空间,引发阶级斗争的空间化;“高层公寓”奉行功能至上的同时与消费主义耦合,将居所异化为生活机器和属物空间,不断侵蚀人的主体性。小说揭示了现代性对城市空间的宰制,批判了晚期资本主义城市空间的非人性化和不公正,对现代化进程中的线性进步观提出质疑,并对城市空间的未来发出警示。High-Rise,a novel by contemporary English writer,James Graham Ballard,examines the ills and crises of modernity in the urban space of late capitalism through a high-rise apartment building.The"high-rise apartment"in the novel is not only a symbol of modernity,but also a mirror that reflects its disenchantment.The disregard of environment by the"highrise apartment"atomizes the community and residents,destroys the sense of place,increases anonymity,and leads to the spiritual rootlessness and moral decline of modern man.Its hierarchical distinction constructs new class stratifications and identity differences.Also,it maintains,consolidates and reproduces a hierarchical social space,thus triggering the spatialization of class struggle.Its pursuit of function primacy is coupled with consumerism,alienating the residence into a living machine and a materialized space that constantly erode human subjectivity.By revealing the domination of modernity over urban space,the novel criticizes the dehumanization and injustice in the urban space of late capitalism,questions the notion of linear progress in the process of modernization,and issues a warning for the future of urban space.

关 键 词：巴拉德 《摩天楼》 高层公寓 城市空间 现代性 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]