速度160 km/h轨道车辆直向道岔通过性能研究  

Research on railway vehicle performance of passing through turnouts forward at 160 km/h

作　　者：吕小勇 王勇[1] 张小平 张博宁 张胜建 LYU Xiaoyong;WANG Yong;ZHANG Xiaoping;ZHANG Boning;ZHANG Shengjian(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机车电传动》2023年第4期42-49,共8页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司系统性重大项目(P2021J003)。

摘　　要：文章介绍了在多体动力学软件Simpack中建立道岔的原理和过程,通过实测的12号提速道岔型面数据和JM3踏面数据,使用MATLAB编写的迹线法程序对岔区的轮轨接触几何关系进行求解,研究轮轨接触点在道岔不同区域的分布情况。根据速度160 km/h轨道车辆的特点,在Simpack中建立车辆和道岔动态相互作用的模型,仿真踏面磨耗前后车辆以160 km/h的速度直逆向通过道岔的动力学响应,讨论车辆的横向减振器与抗蛇行减振器的刚度和阻尼对岔区蛇行运动的影响。结果表明:道岔区的轮轨接触几何关系不断变化是影响岔区动力学性能的主要因素,车辆通过道岔时轮轨接触点不连续,轮轨易受到冲击,主要表现为辙叉处的垂向冲击与振动,但由于接触点的突变,也会引起横向振动。当车轮过度磨耗后,高速通过道岔时会激起车辆系统的蛇行运动,通过调整抗蛇行减振器和横向减振器的参数可以抑制蛇行运动,改善车辆通过道岔的动力学性能。This paper first introduced the principle and process of modeling turnouts by the multi-body dynamics software Simpack,and then expounded the process to solve the wheel-rail contact geometric relationship in the turnout area using the trajectory method programmed by MATLAB and based on the measured data of No.12 speeding-up turnout profile and JM3 tread,and accordingly revealed the distribution of wheel-rail contact points in different turnout areas as the study results.A vehicle-turnout dynamic interaction model was first established by Simpack in the current study according to the characteristics of 160 km/h railway vehicles,to simulate the dynamic response of the vehicle passing through turnouts at 160 km/h directly and inversely before and after the tread wear,and to discuss the impact of the stiffness and damping of the vehicle's lateral damper and anti-hunting damper on the hunting motion in the turnout area.The results show that the continuous changes of wheel-rail contact geometry in the turnout area is an important factor affecting the dynamic performance of the turnout area.To be specific,when the vehicle passes through turnouts with discontinuous wheel-rail contact points,the wheel-rail coupling is vulnerable to impact,which is mainly represented by the vertical impact and vibration at the frog,and any sudden change of the contact points also causes lateral vibration.The vehicle with over-worn treads suffers from the hunting motion when passing through turnouts at a high speed,which can be suppressed by adjusting the parameters of the anti-hunting damper and lateral damper,as a move to improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle passing through turnouts.

关 键 词：轨道车辆 变截面道岔 轮轨接触几何关系 动力学性能 

分 类 号：U213.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]