采诗诉求:士人心态的映现与价值取向的含蕴  

Appeals for Collecting Poems of Folk Songs and Ballads:Expression of the Mindset of Scholars and Implicit Value Orientation

作　　者：王志清[1] WANG Zhiqing(School of Humanities,Xidian University,Xi'an 710126,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学人文学院,陕西西安710126

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期206-219,共14页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究规划基金项目“中国古代采诗制度与采诗活动研究”(20XJA751006),项目负责人:王志清;国家社会科学基金后期资助重点项目“中国古代采诗研究”(21FZWA003),项目负责人:王志清。

摘　　要：“采诗诉求”是指中唐以来因采诗制度长期未能得到实质性恢复,而在士人、文人间产生的要求朝廷重设采诗官、期待诗歌被采集的呼声。这一诉求首先由白居易在唐宪宗元和初期集中提出,他开始将基于外在政治目的的采诗传统转化为士人的内在价值诉求。采诗诉求涵括了制度期待与自我期待,映现了士人心态、身份意识及生命价值取向,含蕴着期待、无奈、失望乃至愤懑情绪,形诸于诗文之中而成为特殊的文学现象。中唐至宋元以来,采诗诉求从对外在制度的呼吁和要求出发,逐渐发生主体转向,士人开始自觉担荷采诗使命与自发采诗,深层次地反映了士人寻求并重建个体价值的心路历程。基于主体视角的采诗诉求研究,可从一个特定角度理解政治制度与士人心态之间的复杂关系。“Appeals for Collecting Poems of Folk Songs and Ballads”refers to the calls made by scholars and literati since the mid-Tang dynasty for the substantial reinstatement of the poetry collection system,and the hope for the imperial court to reestablish the position of poetry collectors,indicating the desire for poetry to be officially selected and recognized.This appeal was initially articulated by Bai Juyi during the early and middle years of Emperor Xianzong's reign.Bai Juyi transformed the tradition of poetry collection,which had been politically driven,into an intrinsic value pursuit among scholars.The appeals for collecting poems of folk songs and ballads encompass both institutional and personal expectations,reflecting the mindset,identity awareness,and life values of scholars.These appeals carry emotions of anticipation,resignation,disappointment,and even indignation,becoming distinct literary phenomena expressed through poetry and prose.From the mid-Tang to the Song and Yuan dynasties,the appeals for poetry collection shifted from external institutional demands to internalized motivations.Scholars consciously embraced the mission of poetry collection and engaged in voluntary poetry creation,thus profoundly reflecting their journey of seeking and reconstructing individual values.By investigating appeals for collecting poems from a subjective perspective,we can gain a nuanced understanding of the intricate relationship between political systems and the mindset of scholars.

关 键 词：采诗诉求 新乐府 士人心态 白居易 

分 类 号：I207.209[文学—中国文学]