基于需求理论的城市社区老年人居住环境服务体系研究——以西安为例  

Research on Urban Community Elderly Living Environment Service System Based on Demand Theory:A Case Study of Xi'an

作　　者：戴靓华 卢李海 周典[1] 何静 DAI Jinghua;LU Lihai;ZHOU Dian;HE Jing

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学人居环境与建筑工程学院建筑系

出　　处：《现代城市研究》2023年第8期81-89,共9页Modern Urban Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目:“医养指数”导向下社区养老居住设施空间模式研究(51908456);陕西省软科学基金项目:建筑计划学导向下的绿色养老住宅营建体系策略研究(2021KRM139)。

摘　　要：创建老年宜居社区需要提升老年人对居住环境的满意度,居住环境的营建依托于老年人的具体需求。研究将老年人需求划分为中观--社区层面和微观--住宅层面两个体系,通过对文献资料和访谈问卷的整理分析,初步筛选出18个中观需求因子及17个微观需求因子,再结合Kano问卷调研结果二轮筛选出对老年人满意度有重要影响的13个中观需求因子和6个微观需求因子,借助熵值法判定各项需求因子自身重要度的一致性,并利用Kano分析结果对其进行分类,最终提出城市社区养老服务体系的综合权重指标,为营建适宜的老年人居住环境提供参考。Creating a livable community for the elderly needs to improve the satisfaction of the elderly with the living environment,and the construction of the living environment depends on the specific needs of the elderly.The research divides the needs of the elderly into two systems:meso-community level and micro-residential level.Through the analysis of literature and interview questionnaires,18 meso-level demand factors and 17 micro-level demand factors are preliminarily screened out.Combined with the Kano questionnaire survey results,13 meso-demand factors and 6 micro-demand factors that have an important impact on the satisfaction of the elderly were screened out in the second round.The entropy method is used to determine the consistency of the importance of each demand factor,and Kano analysis results are used to classify them.Finally,the comprehensive weight index of the urban community elderly care service system is proposed to provide a reference for building a suitable living environment for the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人需求 KANO模型 熵值法 居住环境 服务体系 

分 类 号：F294[经济管理—国民经济]