大兴安岭东北部三合屯金矿碲化物的发现及其意义  

THE DISCOVERY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF TELLURIDE IN THE SANHETUN GOLD DEPOSIT IN THE NORTHEASTERN GREAT XING AN RANGE

作　　者：谷华娟 李博文 李成禄 杨文鹏 杨元江 时慧霖 张萌萌 GU Huajuan;LI Bowen;LI Chenglu;YANG Wenpeng;YANG Yuanjiang;SHI Huilin;ZHANG Mengmeng(Natural Resources Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150036,China;China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省自然资源调查院,黑龙江哈尔滨150036 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083

出　　处：《矿物岩石》2023年第3期94-104,共11页Mineralogy and Petrology

基　　金：东北地质科技创新中心区创基金项目(编号:QCJJ2022-16);黑龙江省地质矿产局科研项目(编号:HKY202301)。

摘　　要：三合屯金矿床位于大兴安岭东北部的黑龙江省嫩江地区,为新发现的正在勘查的小型金矿床,目前尚未对该矿床开展系统的研究工作。本次研究通过光学显微镜和电子探针对主要矿石矿物进行了观察和测试研究。结果表明,矿石中金属矿物主要为黄铁矿,其次可见少量黄铜矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿、磁铁矿,在黄铁矿中可见少量自然金及碲化物。碲化物种类主要有碲金银矿和碲银矿,粒径整体细小,主要呈包裹体赋存在黄铁矿内部或产于黄铁矿裂隙中。其中碲金银矿电子探针结果显示,w(Te)为31.93%~33.96%,平均值为32.60%,w(Ag)为40.00%~45.08%,平均值为41.60%,w(Au)为21.90%~25.60%,平均值为24.50%,同时普遍含有Sb,Ge,Cu,Fe,S,Bi,Ni,Se等元素;碲银矿电子探针结果显示,w(Te)为36.10%~37.32%,平均值为36.36%w(Ag)为58.13%~61.76%,平均值为60.21%,同时普遍含有Sb,GeCu,Fe,S,Bi,Ni,Co等元素。黄铁矿面扫描结果显示,碲化物普遍发育于黄铁矿裂隙中,且Te与Ag、Au元素分布特征相似,明显沿黄铁矿裂隙灌入后沉淀富集。结合矿石矿物组合特征,限定碲化物形成的lgf(S)范围在一16.7~14.0,lgf(Te2)范围在—15.2~—9.4。综合矿床地质特征、矿体和矿石特征、围岩蚀变等特征认为,三合屯金矿床应为与火山或次火山活动有密切关系的低温热液型金矿床。三合屯金矿床的发现,进一步说明Te在区域金矿床中存在的普遍性,未来在该成矿带的金矿找矿勘查中应予以重视。The Sanhetun gold deposit,located in Nenjiang area of Heilongjiang Province,northeast of the Greater Hinggan Mountains,is a newly discovered small mineral under exploration.That deposit is observed and tested by optical microscope and electron probe.The results show that the main metallic minerals in the ore are pyrite,followed by a small amount of chalcopyrite,sphalerite,galena,magnetite,with minor natural gold and telluride in the pyrite.Tellurides mainly include fine grained petzite and hessite,with overall fine grain sizes,mainly in inclusions within pyrite or in pyrite fissures.The electron probe analysis on petzite shows that the values of w(Te)are 31.93%to 33.96%,with an average value of 32.60%,w(Ag)is 40.00%to 45.08%,with an average value of 41.60%,w(Au)is 21.90%to 25.60%,with an average value of 24.50%.At the same time,the petzite generally contains Sb,Ge,Cu,Fe,S,Bi,Ni,Se and other elements.Electron probe analysis on hessite shows that w(Te)ranges from 36.10%to 37.32%,with an average of 36.36%,w(Ag)ranges from 58.13%to 61.76%,with an average of 60.21%,and generally contains Sb,Ge,Cu,Fe,S,Bi,Ni,Co and other elements.The surface scanning results of pyrite show that telluride is generally developed in pyrite fissure,and the Te,Ag and Au have similar distribution characteristics,and it is obviously precipitated and enriched after injection along pyrite fissure.Combined with the characteristics of mineral assemblages,the range of lg f(S,)and lg f(Te,)formed by telluride is limited to-16.7 to 14.0,and-15.2 to-9.4,respectively.Through the comprehensive study of geological characteristics of the deposit,the characteristics of orebody and ore,and the alteration of surrounding rock,it is recognized that the Sanhetun gold deposit is a low-temperature hydrothermal gold deposit closely related to volcanic or subvolcanic activities.The discovery of Te in Sanhetun gold deposit further represents the prevalence of Te in regional gold deposits.Thus,more attention should be paid to the future gold prospecting and explorat

关 键 词：碲化物 化学成分 矿床成因 三合屯金矿 大兴安岭东北部 

分 类 号：P572[天文地球—矿物学] P575[天文地球—地质学] P578