苗期受涝害胁迫茄子对叶片喷施外源氮素和褪黑素的生理响应  

Physiological Response of Waterlogged Eggplant to Exogenous Nitrogen and Melatonin Spraying on Leaves at Seedling Stage

作　　者：杨静[1,2] 瞿飞 赵夏云 蒋芳芳 文林宏 王天文[1,2] YANG Jing;QU Fei;ZHAO Xiayun;JIANG Fangfang;WEN Linhong;WANG Tianwen(Institute of Horticulture,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Guizhou Horticultural Engineering Technology Research Center,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Economic Crop Technology and Extension Station of Majiang County,Kaili,Guizhou 556000)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院园艺研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州省园艺工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550006 [3]麻江县经济作物技术推广站,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第15期17-23,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：贵州省农业科学院青年科技基金资助项目([2021]02号);贵州省蔬菜现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(GZCYTX2022-01)。

摘　　要：以茄子幼苗为试材,采用盆栽试验法,研究了喷施外源氮素、褪黑素对涝害胁迫茄子形态发育、叶绿素含量、光合效率、抗氧化酶活性及渗透调节物的影响,以期明确喷施外源物对茄子响应涝害胁迫的调控作用。结果表明:苗期茄子受涝害胁迫后通过喷施外源氮素、褪黑素,可有效缓解涝害造成的危害。尿素和褪黑素的配合施用,可显著提高幼苗的形态发育及叶片抗氧化酶活性、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、脯氨酸的含量,增强叶片的光合作用,并优于单独喷施处理。综上,喷施外源氮素和褪黑素可以通过增强作物的光合作用,提高抗氧化酶活性,降低叶绿素降解和膜脂过氧化来减轻茄子受涝害胁迫的伤害,以增强茄子抗涝的能力。Taking eggplant as test materials,the effects of spraying exogenous nitrogen and melatonin on morphological development,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic efficiency,antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoregulator of eggplant seedlings under waterlogging stress were studied by pot experiment,in order to clarify the regulatory effects of exogenous substances on eggplant response to waterlogging stress.The results showed that the damage caused by waterlogging could be effectively alleviated by spraying exogenous nitrogen and melatonin in seedling stage.The combined application of nitrogen and melatonin could significantly improve the morphological development of seedlings,the activities of antioxidant enzymes,the contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein and proline in leaves,and enhance the photosynthesis of leaves,which was better than that of single spray treatment.In conclusion,spraying exogenous nitrogen and melatonin could enhance the photosynthesis of crops,improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes,reduce chlorophyll degradation and membrane lipid peroxidation,alleviate the damage of waterlogging stress of eggplant,so as to enhance the waterlogging resistance of eggplant.

关 键 词：茄子 氮素 褪黑素 抗涝能力 生理机制 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]