毛乌素沙地沙柳沙障对植被群落及土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Salix psammophila Sand Barriers on Vegetation Communities and Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Mauwusu Sands

作　　者：高磊 杨光 吴际 郭欣宇 李庆和 杨溢文 GAO Lei;YANG Guang;WU Ji;GUO Xinyu;LI Qinghe;YANG Yiwen(School of Desert Governance,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Sandstorm Physics and Sand Control Engineering,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Water Conservancy Development Center,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010;Grassland Research Institute,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010020)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古自治区风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区水利事业发展中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第15期81-89,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项资助项目(2019ZD003)。

摘　　要：以毛乌素沙地3、6、9年3个不同年限的沙柳沙障为试材,采用植被调查及土壤理化性质测定的方法,研究了不同年限沙柳沙障对沙地植被群落恢复及土壤理化性质变化特征的影响,以期为毛乌素沙地生态环境修复提供参考依据。结果表明:1)沙柳沙障的布设加速了沙地植被的演化进程,由早期的沙米和沙竹的先锋植物群落不断的向沙柳人工植物群落演替,并不断的向植物多样化方向发展。2)随设障年限的增加,土壤中砂含量分别降低了15.87%、35.05%、48.27%,细砂含量分别增加了25.51%、52.11%、69.16%;随土层深度增加,土壤各粒径含量变化幅度逐渐减小。土壤含水率较裸沙地有效提高了51.99%~217.31%,而土壤容重降低了3.03%~7.27%。3)随设障年限的增加,有机质含量较裸沙地增加了23.90%~164.80%,全氮含量增加了15.40%~115.40%,土壤pH得到有效的降低,各理化性质间均存在显著相关关系。毛乌素沙地通过采用沙障固沙的生物措施,可以有效的改善土壤理化性质以及植被恢复效果,有利于促进土壤理化性质更好的演替和发育,为沙地植被建设、土壤管理以及荒漠化防治提供参考依据。The effects of different ages of Salix psammophila sand barriers on the restoration of vegetation communities and the changes of soil physical and chemical properties were investigated by using vegetation survey and soil physical and chemical property determination methods,in order to provide reference for the ecological restoration of the Mawusu Sands.The results showed that,1)the installation of the sand barricade accelerated the evolution of the sand vegetation,from the early pioneer plant community of salix and salix to the artificial vegetation community of salix,and the development of plant diversification.2)The sand content of the soil decreases by 15.87%,35.05%and 48.27%and the fine sand content increases by 25.51%,52.11%and 69.16%respectively with the increase of the barrier years;the variation of the content of each grain size of the soil gradually decreases with the increase of the depth of the soil layer.The soil water content effectively increased by 51.99%-217.31%compared to bare sand,while the soil bulk weight decreased by 3.03%-7.27%.3)The organic matter content increased by 23.90%-164.80%,the total nitrogen content increased by 15.40%-115.40%,and the soil pH was effectively reduced with the increase of the barrier years,and there was a significant correlation between all the physical and chemical properties.By adopting biological measures of sandbarrier sand fixation,the Mao Wusu sandy area could effectively improve soil physicochemical properties and vegetation restoration effect,which was conducive to promoting better succession and development of soil physicochemical properties and providing scientific basis for sand vegetation construction,soil management and desertification control.

关 键 词：沙柳沙障 植物多样性 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S792.12[农业科学—林木遗传育种]