植物根际促生菌对盐逆境下紫花苜蓿固氮性能的影响研究  

Effects of Beneficial Soil Bacterium on Nitrogen Fixation Capacity of Medicago sativa under Saline Conditions

作　　者：姚丹 张金林 Yao Dan;Zhang Jinlin(Bijie Desertification Management Center,Bijie,Guizhou 550017,China)

机构地区：[1]毕节市防治石漠化管理中心,贵州毕节550017

出　　处：《绿色科技》2023年第14期28-35,40,共9页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：近年来我国苜蓿产业化规模发展较快,种植面积不断扩大,但因苜蓿抗逆能力有限,盐碱和干旱会降低其与根瘤菌的共生固氮效率和产量。解淀粉芽孢杆菌是一种重要的植物根际促生细菌,在模式植物和部分农作物上已经证实其促具有生作用,但目前尚未见其在盐胁迫条件下调控豆科牧草固氮性能的报道。以根际有益细菌解淀粉芽孢杆菌菌株GB03、苜蓿中华根瘤菌菌株1021和紫花苜蓿为材料,研究根际有益细菌解淀粉芽孢杆菌GB03对紫花苜蓿生长和固氮性能的影响。实验在温室采用盆栽进行,设4种接菌处理,每种接菌处理下均设无盐及加盐对照。结果表明:接种解淀粉芽孢杆菌GB03处理后,盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿的地上部生物量、株高、叶绿素b含量、净光合速率显著提高;接种GB03能够显著提升固氮体系的根瘤数、有效根瘤数、根瘤体积和固氮酶活性,进而提高植株的固氮性能。同时在盐胁迫条件下,接种GB03延缓了共生固氮体系中根瘤的衰老,提高其豆血红蛋白水平。研究结果为豆科牧草高效固氮复合菌肥的研发和应用提供新的思路,具有一定的实践意义。In recent years,the industrialized scale of Medicago Sativa Linn in our country has developed rapidly,and the planting area has been expanding.However,because of the limited resistance to stress,salinity and drought will reduce the symbiotic nitrogen fixation efficiency and grass yield.Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is an important plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,which has been confirmed the function of promotion in many model plants and some crops.However,it has not been reported that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens regulates the nitrogen fixation performance of leguminous herbage under salt stress conditions.In this paper,the beneficial bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain GB03,Sinorhizobium meliloti strain 1021 and Medicago sativa were used as materials to study the effects of GB03 on the growth and nitrogen fixation of Medicago Sativa Linn.The experiment was conducted in pots in the greenhouse.Four types of bacteria were used for treatment,and no salt and salt control were set for each of the bacteria-inoculated treatments.The results showed that after inoculation with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03,the above-ground biomass,plant height,chlorophyll b content,and net photosynthetic rate of Medicago Sativa Linn were significantly increased under salt stress;inoculation with GB03 significantly increased the number of nodules,effective nodules,nodule volume and nitrogenase,which further enhanced the nitrogen fixation performance of the plant.At the same time,inoculation of GB03 delayed the senescence of nodules in the symbiotic nitrogen fixation system and increased their level of hemoglobin under salt stress conditions.The research results provide new ideas for the development and application of high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing compound fertilizers for leguminous pastures and have certain practical significance.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 根瘤菌 根际有益细菌 盐胁迫 固氮性能 

分 类 号：S541[农业科学—作物学]