我国城市男性居民心理压力变化研究——基于三个省会城市十六年调查结果  

A Study of the Changes of Mental Stress among Male Urban Residents:Based on Results of a 16-Year Follow-up Survey in Three Provincial Capitals in China

作　　者：章伟芳 陈乐怡 王慧慧 杨廷忠 Zhang Weifang;Chen Leyi;Wang Huihui;Yang Tingzhong(Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310006,China;Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310006,China;Women’s Hospital,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310006,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属口腔医院,浙江杭州310006 [2]浙江省口腔生物医学研究重点实验室,浙江杭州310006 [3]浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第6期103-115,共13页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(01BSH030);浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y202248599);浙江大学医学院附属口腔医院探索与研发项目(RD2022RKZD01);浙江大学教育发展基金项目(R0408)。

摘　　要：社会压力理论将心理压力视为一种社会现象,并强调要从社会系统中去理解和处理压力问题。其实,压力所反映的是社会系统的功能。研究结果显示:2001年三个省会城市(太原、杭州、广州)男性居民高压力率为42.9%(95%CI:36.3%,49.3%),2008年为43.7%(95%CI:36.4%,51.5%),2016年为31.6%(95%CI:25.1%,38.1%)。经分析比较,高压力率在不同观察时间无统计学显著差别。社会经济增长与心理压力变化趋势存在不一致的现象,背离社会经济压力关系规律,折射出在社会转型过程中产生了许多致心理压力增量的因素。目前近1/3的城市男性居民有严重的心理压力。压力变化在不同社会阶层中存在明显差别。当部分社会阶层压力随着社会经济增长而呈下降趋势时,中年群体、受教育水平高的群体、专业人员和管理人员的压力则保持不变。中年专业人员压力现况和变动与社会经济压力关系规律不相符合。太原市居民高压力率持续处于高位,杭州市和广州市居民的高压力率则呈下降趋势。Social theory for stress regards mental stress as a social phenomenon,and emphasizes the understanding and dealings with stress through the social system.In fact,mental stress reflects the function of the social system.The study aims at examining the status of the social system in a 16-year follow-up observation of mental stress among urban residents in three provincial capitals in China.The information that the study obtains from changes in the China social system will help decision-makers consider the solution and improvement of the social systemic problems.Data were collected in three provinces’capital cities,Taiyuan,Hangzhou,and Guangzhou,which are in different geographical areas in China.The surveys were conducted in 2001,2008,and 2016 respectively.Participants were recruited through a multi-stage stratified sampling process.Mental stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale(Chinese version)(CPSS).High mental stress(HMS)prevalence levels and associated 95%confidence intervals(CI)were estimated.All factors are adjusted for the city and demographic characteristics.In 2001,1,597 valid questionnaires were obtained,with an effective rate of 96.3%.In 2008,1,345 valid questionnaires were obtained,with an effective rate of 92.8%.In 2016,2,628 valid questionnaires were obtained,with an effective rate of 95.8%.The results show no statistically significant change in the status over the observation period.The adjusted HMS prevalence for the combined samples of urban male residents was 42.9%(95%CI:36.3%,49.3%)in 2001,43.7%(95%CI:36.4%,51.5%)in 2008,and 31.6%(95%CI:25.1%,38.1%)in 2016.This finding is not consistent with social and economic growth trends over the same period and deviates from the laws of social economics about mental stress,which may reflect the fact that many aspects of increasing mental stress have emerged in the social transition period.This study shows that currently more than one-third of urban male residents have high mental stress,which indicates the seriousness of mental problems among u

关 键 词：中国社会转型 心理压力 城市男性居民 追踪调查 

分 类 号：C913.14[经济管理] B844.6[社会学]