电离层探测及模化技术研究综述  

Review on ionospheric sounding and modeling

作　　者：甄卫民[1] 欧明[1] 朱庆林[1] 董翔[1] 刘钝[1] ZHEN Weimin;OU Ming;ZHU Qinglin;DONG Xiang;LIU Dun(China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation,Qingdao 266107,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电波传播研究所,青岛266107

出　　处：《电波科学学报》2023年第4期625-645,共21页Chinese Journal of Radio Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFF0503900)。

摘　　要：电离层作为日地空间环境的重要组成部分,会对穿越其中的无线电波产生折射、反射、散射和吸收等效应,从而影响卫星导航、通信、雷达等诸多无线电信息系统的性能.利用各类技术手段来探测电离层的特征参量,揭示其内含的变化规律,并在此基础上构建出满足空间科学研究与系统应用的电离层模型,具有重要的价值.本文首先介绍了现有常用的地基和天基电离层探测手段;其次,调研总结了国内外在经验电离层模型、理论电离层模型、数据驱动电离层模型及机器学习建模方面的发展现状;再次,给出了导航系统电离层单频延迟修正、雷达系统电离层折射误差修正和通信/导航系统信号闪烁中断预警等三个典型应用场景中的电离层模型开发情况;最后,对电离层探测和模化技术的发展趋势进行了分析.As an important component of solar-terrestrial space environment,the ionosphere will produce refraction,reflection,scattering and absorption effects to those radio waves which pass through it so as to affect the performance of satellite navigation,communication,radar and other radio information system.It is of great value to use various methods to detect the characteristic parameters of the ionosphere and reveal the variation law of the ionosphere.On this basis,it is of great importance to construct the ionosphere model which can meet the requirements of space science research and system application.This paper first introduces the existing common ground-based and space-based ionospheric sounding methods,and then summarizes the development status of the empirical ionospheric model,physical ionospheric model,data-driven ionospheric model and machine-learning-based ionospheric model both domestically and internationally.Finally,the ionospheric model developed for three typical scenarios are also introduced,including ionospheric delay correction for navigation system,refraction error correction for radar system and signal outage forecasting of communication/navigation system caused by ionospheric scintillation.Finally,the development trend of ionospheric sounding and modeling technology is analyzed.

关 键 词：电离层探测 电离层建模 机器学习 卫星导航 数据驱动 单频延迟修正 折射误差修正 信号中断预警 

分 类 号：P352.7[天文地球—空间物理学]