变间隙密封液压缸活塞变形研究  

Study on Hydraulic Cylinder Piston Deformation with Variable Clearance Sealing

作　　者：王伟[1,2] 曾良才 湛从昌[1,2] WANG Wei;ZENG Liang-cai;ZHAN Cong-chang(Wuhan University of Science and Technology,School of Mechanical Automation,Wuhan 430081,China;Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Its Control,Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学机械自动化学院,湖北武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学冶金装备及其控制教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《液压气动与密封》2023年第9期5-10,共6页Hydraulics Pneumatics & Seals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51975425)。

摘　　要：液压缸采用间隙密封方式相对于密封圈密封方式具有明显的优点,活塞摩擦磨损减小,响应速度快等。在恒间隙密封液压缸的基础上,提出一种变间隙密封液压缸,应用悬臂梁理论和弹性力学叠加原理,将活塞唇边变形量分为径向载荷作用下的变形量与轴向载荷作用下的变形量总和。使用有限元分析软件仿真分析3个唇边长度不同的活塞在不同压力下的径向变形量,同时搭建变间隙密封液压缸内泄漏量测试平台,测试了采用3种活塞的液压缸在不同压力下的内泄漏量。结果表明,当活塞唇边长度小于10 mm时,活塞唇边的径向变形量沿轴向递减;当活塞唇边长度大于15 mm时,活塞唇边径向变形量先增大后减小,且最大径向变形位于唇边中部。在相同油压下,随着活塞唇边长度增长,内泄漏量减小,密封性能越好。The hydraulic cylinder adopts the clearance sealing method compared with the sealing ring sealing method,which has obvious advantages,the piston friction and wear are reduced,and the response speed is fast.On the basis of the constant clearance sealing hydraulic cylinder,a variable gap sealing hydraulic cylinder is proposed,and the cantilever beam theory and the elastic mechanics superposition principle are applied,and the deformation of the piston lip is divided into the sum of the deformation under radial load and the deformation under axial load.The finite element analysis software was used to simulate and analyze the radial deformation of three pistons with different lip lengths under different pressures,and at the same time,a test platform for the leakage in the hydraulic cylinder of variable gap sealing was built,and the internal leakage of hydraulic cylinders using three kinds of pistons was tested at different pressures.The results show that when the length of the piston lip is less than 10 mm,the radial deformation of the piston lip decreases along the axial direction;When the length of the piston lip is greater than 15 mm,the radial deformation of the piston lip is increased first and then decreased,and the maximum radial deformation is located in the middle of the lip.At the same oil pressure,the inner leakage decreases as the length of the piston lip increases,and the better the sealing performance.

关 键 词：变间隙密封液压缸 悬臂梁理论 叠加原理 内泄漏量 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB42[一般工业技术]