青少年环境敏感性的测量:高敏感儿童量表中文版修订及初步应用  

Measurement of environmental sensitivity in adolescents:Chinese version of the Highly Sensitive Child Scale and its moderation role

作　　者：董倩[1] 董莹莹[1] 王崴[1] 马现仓[1] DONG Qian;DONG Yingying;WANG Wei;MA Xiancang(Department of psychiatry,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院精神心理卫生科,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》2023年第4期608-613,共6页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81771471)。

摘　　要：目的在中国文化背景下对高敏感儿童量表(Highly Sensitive Child Scale,HSC)进行修订,初步探索青少年环境敏感性对抑郁症状的影响。方法应用中文版HSC对西安2166名中学生进行施测,4周后随机抽取609名学生和105名抑郁症患者(14~17岁)采用高敏感儿童量表(HSC)、抑郁情绪量表(PHQ-9)、睡眠时长及学业成绩等工具进行评估。结果HSC中文版维度结构与原量表一致,探索与验证性因素分析结果支持HSC双因素模型;修订后的中文版HSC总量表α系数为0.892,分半信度系数为0.89,重测信度系数为0.743;抑郁症青少年与健康对照组相比,对环境刺激更加敏感(F=15.1,P<0.01);青少年环境敏感性可调节体质量指数(BMI)与青少年适应的关系。简单斜率分析表明,高环境敏感的青少年,当BMI增高,会产生更多的情绪、睡眠及学业问题。结论中文版HSC量表具有良好的心理测量学指标,适合作为评估中国青少年环境敏感性的工具。环境敏感性可能是影响青少年抑郁症状的人格因素之一。Objective To revise the Highly Sensitive Child(HSC)Scale for Chinese Adolescents and investigate the role of adolescents’sensitivity to environmental influences.Methods The HSC Scale was translated into Chinese.A total of 2166 adolescents in Xi’an were selected for exploratory factor,confirmatory factor analyses and reliability analysis.The participants were 609 healthy adolescents and 105 depressive adolescents aged 14-17 years,who were evaluated with the HSC scale and PHQ-9 scale as well as sleep duration and academic achievement questions.Results First,the factor structure(CFI=0.989,GFI=0.977,AGFI=0.958,TLI=0.983,RMSEA=0.042,RMR=0.050)indicated that HSC scale was a reliable measure of environmental sensitivity.The results supported a bifactor model with a general sensitivity factor and three group factors.Second,the Cronbachαwas 0.892,and the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.743.Third,depressive adolescents had a significantly higher HSC score,compared with the healthy ones(F=15.1,P<0.01).Fourth,the relationship between BMI and adolescent adjustment was moderated by environmental sensitivity.Simple slope analysis showed that when the level of environmental sensitivity was higher,weight gain could predict adolescents’emotional,sleep and academic problems.Conclusion The Chinese version of HSC has good psychometric characteristics and may be applied in Chinese adolescents.Environmental sensitivity may be a personality factor that influences depressive symptoms in adolescents.

关 键 词：环境敏感性 体质量指数 抑郁症状 青少年 调节作用 

分 类 号：B841[哲学宗教—基础心理学] R749.41[哲学宗教—心理学]