我国亲子法新架构:从部门法到领域法  

A New Framework of Parentage Law in China:From Department Law to Field Law

作　　者：邓丽[1] Deng Li

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院法学研究所

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2023年第6期57-71,154,共16页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目"儿童本位的亲子关系立法研究"(18BFX186);中国社会科学院妇女/性别研究中心资助课题"学校与家庭场域的妇女儿童权益:‘双减’政策带来的变化与挑战"(fnzx065-2022)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：以传统部门法而论,亲子法是民法项下身份法的组成部分,与监护制度相互区分又互为观照。随着儿童保护理念的普及和深入,新兴的社会法也对家庭关系、家庭责任和家庭保护作出诸多规范,由此使得亲子法律规范突破部门法范畴,渐成领域法之势。当前,我国《民法典》总则编和婚姻家庭编、《未成年人保护法》家庭保护章和《家庭教育促进法》家庭责任章等共同构建起跨越民法与社会法的亲子领域法体系。在领域法视角下,亲子法的发展趋势与整体架构更加清晰可辨:亲子制度与监护制度趋于融合,具体表现为理念归一、儿童本位以及职责趋同、身份并称。与此同时,针对家庭场域的儿童保护规范又使得亲子法律规范进一步延展,呈现职能析分、规范扩充以及视角迁移、功能转换的特点。亲子领域法仍在持续发展中,其范畴虽有广义、狭义之分,但调整对象、价值理念和制度目标始终是其可识别的界标。From the perspective of traditional department law,the parentage law,which is different from yet shares a reciprocal relationship with the guardianship system,is a part of the identity law under the civil law.With the popularization and promotion of the concept of child protection,the emerging social law also affords many norms for family relations,family responsibilities and family protection,thus making the parentage law norms break through the scope of department law and gradually become a domain.In today's China,the general provisions and the marriage and family part of the Civil Code,the chapter of""Protection by the Family"in the Law on Protection of Minors and the chapter of"Family Responsibility"in the Family Education Promotion Law have jointly built a legal system in the parentage domain that spans civil law and social law.From the perspective of field law,we will see a clearer picture of the development trend and overall structure of parentage law.First,the parentage system and the guardianship system tend to integrate,which is embodied in sharing the same child-centered idea,convergence of duties,and coexistence of identities.Second,the child protection norms in families make the parentage legal norms further extended,showing the characteristics of a division of duties,an expansion of norms,a transfer of perspectives and a transformation of functions.The parentage field law is still evolving,and its scope may vary,but adjustment objects,values and system objectives are always the identifiable boundary mark.

关 键 词：亲子法 领域法 父母责任 监护 家庭教育 

分 类 号：D913.9[政治法律—民商法学]